Artificial Compound Eye Systems and Their Application: A Review

Phan, Huu Lam; Yi, Jungho; Bae, Joonsung; Ko, Hyoungho; Lee, Sangmin; Cho, Dong‐il Dan; Seo, Jong-Mo; Koo, Kyo‐in

doi:10.3390/mi12070847

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…7(a)) [115], [119]- [124] is a typical feature of arthropod in nature. Compared with a single aperture vision system, the compound eye possesses many excellent imaging characteristics, such as compact size, wide FoV, great perception of moving objects and sensitivity to light intensity [125]. Benefiting from the development of electronic sensors and advances in micro-nano fabrication, the realization of curved sensors makes traditional optical systems no longer limited to imaging on flat detectors.…”

Section: E Monocentric Panoramic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, with the rapid development of optical technology and micro-nano processing technology, the miniaturization of optical systems has become a focus of researches. For scene perception, wearable devices, medical devices, aerial photography, and other fields, miniaturized optical systems are favored [125], [222]. The miniaturization design of traditional optical system checks and balances with high resolution, high imaging quality, and processability, which has great design challenges and processing difficulties.…”

Section: Wide-fov Metalensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Panoramic Imaging and Its Applications in Scene Understanding

Gao¹,

Yang²,

Sheng³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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With the rapid development of high-speed communication and artificial intelligence technologies, human perception of real-world scenes is no longer limited to the use of small Field of View (FoV) and low-dimensional scene detection devices. Panoramic imaging emerges as the next generation of innovative intelligent instruments for environmental perception and measurement. However, while satisfying the need for large-FoV photographic imaging, panoramic imaging instruments are expected to have high resolution, no blind area, miniaturization, and multi-dimensional intelligent perception, and can be combined with artificial intelligence methods towards the next generation of intelligent instruments, enabling deeper understanding and more holistic perception of 360 • real-world surrounding environments. Fortunately, recent advances in freeform surfaces, thinplate optics, and metasurfaces provide innovative approaches to address human perception of the environment, offering promising ideas beyond conventional optical imaging. In this review, we begin with introducing the basic principles of panoramic imaging systems, and then describe the architectures, features, and functions of various panoramic imaging systems. Afterwards, we discuss in detail the broad application prospects and great design potential of freeform surfaces, thin-plate optics, and metasurfaces in panoramic imaging. We then provide a detailed analysis on how these techniques can help enhance the performance of panoramic imaging systems. We further offer a detailed analysis of applications of panoramic imaging in scene understanding for autonomous driving and robotics, spanning panoramic semantic image segmentation, panoramic depth estimation, panoramic visual localization, and so on. Finally, we cast a perspective on future potential and research directions for panoramic imaging instruments.

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Section: E Monocentric Panoramic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wide-fov Metalensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Panoramic Imaging and Its Applications in Scene Understanding

Gao¹,

Yang²,

Sheng³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on the differences in their operating mechanisms, these methods can be broadly divided into two categories: mechanical and non-mechanical. Mechanical varifocal scanning methods include the microelectromechanical [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], servo motor [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], piezoelectric elements [ 13 , 14 ], manual movement [ 15 ], and external force [ 16 ]. However, for the mechanical varifocal scanning methods, the focal length variation is small, and the scanning range is difficult to expand [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Two-Dimensional Varifocal Scanning Imaging Device Actuated by Artificial Muscle Material

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a compact two-dimensional varifocal-scanning imaging device, with the capability of continuously variable focal length and a large scanning range, actuated by artificial muscle material. The varifocal function is realized by the principle of laterally shifting cubic phase masks and the scanning function is achieved by the principle of the decentered lens. One remarkable feature of these two principles is that both are based on the lateral displacements perpendicular to the optical axis. Artificial muscle material is emerging as a good choice of soft actuators capable of high strain, high efficiency, fast response speed, and light weight. Inspired by the artificial muscle, the dielectric elastomer is used as an actuator and produces the lateral displacements of the Alvarez lenses and the decentered lenses. A two-dimensional varifocal scanning imaging device prototype was established and validated through experiments to verify the feasibility of the proposed varifocal-scanning device. The results showed that the focal length variation of the proposed varifocal scanning device is up to 4.65 times higher (31.6 mm/6.8 mm), and the maximum scanning angle was 26.4°. The rise and fall times were 110 ms and 185 ms, respectively. Such a varifocal scanning device studied here has the potential to be used in consumer electronics, endoscopy, and microscopy in the future.

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“…Wafer-level manufacturing and packaging processes for the image sensors and the lens elements have been developed for miniature camera modules [5], [6]; however, there are physical limits in reducing the thickness of conventional lenses, especially with the increasing pixel resolution of image sensors. Other approaches, such as compound-eye cameras using lenslet arrays [7] or thin metalenses with precisely-designed and fabricated nanostructures [8] have also been demonstrated, usually with trade-offs in image quality or the manufacturing cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Integrated Lensless Cameras via UV-Imprint Lithography

et al. 2022

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We report on the construction of a lensless camera with a phase-modulating mask layer integrated directly on an image sensor using the UV-imprint lithography method. By replicating the master phase mask's surface structure directly on the image sensor, our method further simplifies the fabrication of lensless cameras and delivers a rigid and durable device with a small form factor. Our prototype device has an open-faced design without any apertures and generates high-quality photographic reconstructions with high light collection efficiency. We analyze the performance of our prototype device and demonstrate various imaging applications, including the digital refocusing capabilities.

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Artificial Compound Eye Systems and Their Application: A Review

Cited by 32 publications

References 78 publications

Review on Panoramic Imaging and Its Applications in Scene Understanding

Review on Panoramic Imaging and Its Applications in Scene Understanding

A Compact Two-Dimensional Varifocal Scanning Imaging Device Actuated by Artificial Muscle Material

Fabrication of Integrated Lensless Cameras via UV-Imprint Lithography

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