Artificial Defoliation Simulating Pest Damage in Growing Pearl Millet

Fonseca, Paulo Rogério Beltramin da; Fernandes, Marcos Gino; Kassab, Samir Oliveira; Mota, Thiago Alexandre; Paim, Leandro Ramão; Silva, João Alfredo Neto da

doi:10.3738/1982.2278.954

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…When spacing between the cultivation lines is enlarged, thus enhancing the tillering potential, there is more area for nutrients uptake, whereas with increased densities and reduced nutrients uptake, there is an upward behavior reflected on the stem diameter due to a lower tillering potential. The plants have the capacity to use the nutrient reserves stored on the stems for grains filling in conditions of limited carbohydrate sources [19]. Thus, by observing other morphometric traits, it can be seen that cultivar Toruk exhibited a lower height, which indicates that this characteristic may have culminated in a lower performance.…”

Section: Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Performance of Wheat Cultivars under Different Sowing Densities in Southern Brazil

Pinheiro

Souza

Fioreze

et al. 2019

JEAI

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Sowing density is one of the management techniques that most influence wheat crops. This management practice may affect the plant productive behavior, leading to changes in tillers growth, and also interferes with the plant architecture by influencing solar radiation uptake by the plant canopy, the production components and grain yield. This work aimed to assess the agronomic performance of two wheat cultivars (low tillering and high tillering) under influence of four sowing densities. The experiment was conducted in field conditions from July to November 2017. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with split-plots and five replicates. The factors consisted of two wheat cultivars in main plot (TBIO Sossego and TBIO Toruk), subjected to four different sowing densities as sub-plots (208; 312; 416 and 500 viable seeds m-2). Morphological characteristics, relative chlorophyll content, NDVI, production components and grain yield were evaluated. Among the assessed traits, only the stem diameter was affected by sowing density. The highest plant height, peduncle length and flag leaf length were found in cultivar Sossego, whereas the largest stem diameter was observed in cultivar Toruk. Relative chlorophyll content and NDVI were higher in cultivar Sossego. The agronomic performance of the cultivar Sossego was higher and exceeded the grain yield of Toruk at 673 kg ha-1. Suboptimal sowing densities promote a decrease in the productive performance of wheat and under conditions of rainfall limitation and genetic potential of reduced tillering while sowing densities above the recommended ones are more efficient.

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Section: Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Performance of Wheat Cultivars under Different Sowing Densities in Southern Brazil

Pinheiro

Souza

Fioreze

et al. 2019

JEAI

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Pearl Millet Production Practices in Brazil: A Review

2017

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SUMMARYPearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is grown as a forage, cover and grain crop in Brazil. Historically, forage production has the most important use, but during the last 30 years, the use as a cover crop in no-till soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] production systems has expanded greatly and is currently used on over 5 million ha. Grain production as livestock feed is presently of minor importance but expanding. This review cites 125 references and documents pearl millet research conducted in Brazil which is largely published in Portuguese. The review addresses recommended pearl millet production practices for different uses, including stand establishment, row spacing and plant population, fertiliser and pest management, and the use of pearl millet in rotation and as a cover crop between soybean or maize (Zea mays L.) production to reduce crop losses from nematode infestation. It is concluded that greater research investment in crop improvement, fertiliser and pest management, nematode management, and forage/grain utilisation is needed to fully take advantage of pearl millet to meet feed, food and soil improvement needs in Brazil. In addition, creation of a database on pearl millet production, marketing and utilisation to assist farmers and grain merchandisers, and increased extension programming on pearl millet production is needed.

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Levels and phases of defoliation affect biomass production of pearl millet ADR 300

Zuffo¹,

Júnior²,

Dias³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The aim of this study was to assess biomass production of pearl millet as a function of levels and phases of defoliation. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment at the Fazenda União experimental farm in the municipality of Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil, in 8 dm 3 capacity pots in soil classified as dystrophic red Latosol. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement, with five phases of defoliation (three expanded leaves, six expanded leaves, flag leaf, booting, full flowering), three levels of defoliation (33, 66 and 99%), and an additional treatment without defoliation, with three replications. The pearl millet cultivar ADR 300 was used. Plant height, number of tillers, total dry biomass of the seed heads, and total dry biomass of the plants during the leaf rolling phase was assessed. It was observed that plant height at all levels and phases of defoliation was greater than the control. For number of tillers, a reduction was observed in the booting phase and full flowering phase at all levels of defoliation; and three expanded leaves and flag leaf phases for the levels of 66 and 99% defoliation. Total biomass of the panicle at all levels and phases of defoliation was less than the control. For total dry biomass, there was a statistical difference in relation to the control when the plants were subjected to 33% defoliation in the booting phase and full flowering phase, and 66 and 99% defoliation in all the phases. A fall in production of total dry biomass of the plant greater than 53% was observed with total elimination of the leaves during the flag leaf phase.

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Artificial Defoliation Simulating Pest Damage in Growing Pearl Millet

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Agronomic Performance of Wheat Cultivars under Different Sowing Densities in Southern Brazil

Agronomic Performance of Wheat Cultivars under Different Sowing Densities in Southern Brazil

Pearl Millet Production Practices in Brazil: A Review

Levels and phases of defoliation affect biomass production of pearl millet ADR 300

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