Artificial Faraday rotation using a ring metamaterial structure without static magnetic field

Kodera, Toshiro; Sounas, Dimitrios L.; Caloz, Christophe

doi:10.1063/1.3615688

Cited by 206 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the non-reciprocal scenario, the metasurface is a Faraday rotating surface [24], [25]. When the wave is sent back along the negative z-direction, it keeps rotating in the same absolute direction, dictated by an external biasing quantity (e.g.…”

Section: A Generalized Refractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Metasurface Synthesis Based on Susceptibility Tensors

Achouri

Salem

Caloz

2015

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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389

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Abstract-A general method, based on susceptibility tensors, is proposed for the synthesis of metasurfaces transforming arbitrary incident waves into arbitrary reflected and transmitted waves. The proposed method exhibits two advantages: 1) it is inherently vectorial, and therefore better suited for full vectorial (beyond paraxial) electromagnetic problems, 2) it provides closedform solutions, and is therefore extremely fast. Incidentally, the method reveals that a metasurface is fundamentally capable to transform up to four independent wave triplets (incident, reflected and refracted waves). In addition, the paper provides the closed-form expressions relating the synthesized susceptibilities and the scattering parameters simulated within periodic boundary conditions, which allows one to design the scattering particles realizing the desired susceptibilities. The versatility of the method is illustrated by examples of metasurfaces achieving the following transformations: generalized refraction, reciprocal and non-reciprocal polarization rotation, Bessel vortex beam generation, and orbital angular momentum multiplexing.

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Section: A Generalized Refractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Metasurface Synthesis Based on Susceptibility Tensors

Achouri

Salem

Caloz

2015

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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389

461

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“…Such possibility would relax the current requirements of large magnetic biasing devices in nonreciprocal components, with the potential of revolutionizing the microwave and photonic component industry. Kodera et al 4 , for instance, present a non-reciprocal metamaterial composed of transistor-loaded ring resonators, where suitably designed active loads, biased with direct electric current, can suppress one of the two azimuthally propagating eigenstates, producing a unidirectionally rotating magnetic moment functionally equivalent to ferromagnetic effects. Although this approach can be used to realize some non-reciprocal components 5,6 , it is limited to microwave and millimetre-wave frequencies, where transistors are available, and it involves significant power consumption in the transistors' biasing network.…”

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confidence: 99%

Giant non-reciprocity at the subwavelength scale using angular momentum-biased metamaterials

2013

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Breaking time-reversal symmetry enables the realization of non-reciprocal devices, such as isolators and circulators, of fundamental importance in microwave and photonic communication systems. This effect is almost exclusively achieved today through magneto-optical phenomena, which are incompatible with integrated technology because of the required large magnetic bias. However, this is not the only option to break reciprocity. The Onsager-Casimir principle states that any odd vector under time reversal, such as electric current and linear momentum, can also produce a non-reciprocal response. These recently analysed alternatives typically work over a limited portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and/or are often characterized by weak effects, requiring large volumes of operation. Here we show that these limitations may be overcome by angular momentum-biased metamaterials, in which a properly tailored spatiotemporal modulation is azimuthally applied to subwavelength Fano-resonant inclusions, producing largely enhanced non-reciprocal response at the subwavelength scale, in principle applicable from radio to optical frequencies.

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“…At the circuit level, transistors are used for amplication, oscillation generation, and switching, providing several crucial active functions in electronic circuits. However, transistors have only recently been embedded in metamaterials through simple circuits and applications [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bandwidth Tuning in Transistor Embedded Metamaterials Using Variable Resistance

Barrett¹,

Katko²,

Cummer³

2016

PIER

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Abstract-Metamaterials have been previously loaded with diodes and other types of passive circuit elements. Transistors offer an alternative to these established loading elements to expand the possible capabilities of metamaterials. With embedded transistors, additional degrees of freedom are achieved and lay out the architecture for more complex electromagnetic metamaterial design. A mathematical analysis of transistor loaded SRR unit cells is described in which the transistor acts as a variable resistor. From the mathematical analysis, we calculate transmission coefficients for a single unit cell. We then experimentally measure two SRRs with tunable quality factors and thus tunable bandwidth based upon modulating the effective loading circuit resistance to confirm the calculations. From the agreement between the calculated and measured transmission coefficients, we expand the analysis to show that a slab of more densely packed unit cells can achieve negative permeability with varying degrees of dispersion.

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Artificial Faraday rotation using a ring metamaterial structure without static magnetic field

Cited by 206 publications

References 2 publications

General Metasurface Synthesis Based on Susceptibility Tensors

General Metasurface Synthesis Based on Susceptibility Tensors

Giant non-reciprocity at the subwavelength scale using angular momentum-biased metamaterials

Bandwidth Tuning in Transistor Embedded Metamaterials Using Variable Resistance

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