Artificial gravity partially protects space-induced neurological deficits in Drosophila melanogaster

Mhatre, Siddhita D.; Iyer, Janani; Petereit, Juli; Dolling-Boreham, Roberta M.; Tyryshkina, Anastasia; Paul, Amber M.; Gilbert, Rachel; Jensen, Matthew; Woolsey, Rebekah; Anand, Sulekha; Sowa, Marianne B.; Quilici, David R.; Costes, Sylvain V.; Girirajan, Santhosh; Bhattacharya, Sharmila

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111279

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…On the ISS, the astronauts successfully thawed the cryopreserved cardiac progenitor spheres, cultured the cells using the multi-specimen variable-gravity platform (MVP) from Techshot, Inc. for 22 days, and then sent live cultures back to us. The MVP system has been successfully used in space experiments 19 and allows the loading of multiple biological samples under both ISS µG and ISS 1G conditions (the 1G condition in the MVP system on the ISS was achieved by centrifugation). In our experiment, each condition was run in triplicates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space microgravity increases expression of genes associated with proliferation and differentiation in human cardiac spheres

Hwang,

Rampoldi,

Forghani

et al. 2023

npj Microgravity

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Efficient generation of cardiomyocytes from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is important for their application in basic and translational studies. Space microgravity can significantly change cell activities and function. Previously, we reported upregulation of genes associated with cardiac proliferation in cardiac progenitors derived from hiPSCs that were exposed to space microgravity for 3 days. Here we investigated the effect of long-term exposure of hiPSC-cardiac progenitors to space microgravity on global gene expression. Cryopreserved 3D hiPSC-cardiac progenitors were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) and cultured for 3 weeks under ISS microgravity and ISS 1 G conditions. RNA-sequencing analyses revealed upregulation of genes associated with cardiac differentiation, proliferation, and cardiac structure/function and downregulation of genes associated with extracellular matrix regulation in the ISS microgravity cultures compared with the ISS 1 G cultures. Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes mapping identified the upregulation of biological processes, molecular function, cellular components, and pathways associated with cell cycle, cardiac differentiation, and cardiac function. Taking together, these results suggest that space microgravity has a beneficial effect on the differentiation and growth of cardiac progenitors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space microgravity increases expression of genes associated with proliferation and differentiation in human cardiac spheres

Hwang,

Rampoldi,

Forghani

et al. 2023

npj Microgravity

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“…However, several experiments at the individual level have been performed. Mhatre et al (2022) observed that, over a period of 34 days, oxidative damage in Drosophila subjected to spaceflight microgravity conditions could lead to elevated ROS levels, triggering a cascade of events resulting in neuronal damage. Additionally, significant climbing defects were noted in the spaceflight microgravity group ( Mhatre et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Microglial Activation and Cognitive Dysfunction In Spaceflightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Mhatre et al (2022) observed that, over a period of 34 days, oxidative damage in Drosophila subjected to spaceflight microgravity conditions could lead to elevated ROS levels, triggering a cascade of events resulting in neuronal damage. Additionally, significant climbing defects were noted in the spaceflight microgravity group ( Mhatre et al, 2022 ). Another study involving long-term microgravity exposure (33 days) on female C57BL/6 mice reported behavioral alterations.…”

Section: Microglial Activation and Cognitive Dysfunction In Spaceflightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglial activation in spaceflight and microgravity: potential risk of cognitive dysfunction and poor neural health

Li,

Wu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Due to the increased crewed spaceflights in recent years, it is vital to understand how the space environment affects human health. A lack of gravitational force is known to risk multiple physiological functions of astronauts, particularly damage to the central nervous system (CNS). As innate immune cells of the CNS, microglia can transition from a quiescent state to a pathological state, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to neuroinflammation. There are reports indicating that microglia can be activated by simulating microgravity or exposure to galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Consequently, microglia may play a role in the development of neuroinflammation during spaceflight. Prolonged spaceflight sessions raise concerns about the chronic activation of microglia, which could give rise to various neurological disorders, posing concealed risks to the neural health of astronauts. This review summarizes the risks associated with neural health owing to microglial activation and explores the stressors that trigger microglial activation in the space environment. These stressors include GCR, microgravity, and exposure to isolation and stress. Of particular focus is the activation of microglia under microgravity conditions, along with the proposal of a potential mechanism.

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“…В условиях невесомости наблюдается увеличение двигательной активности, мухи способны успешно ползать по стенкам полетных контейнеров, спариваться и откладывать яйца, хотя и испытывают при этом определенные трудности. Также было проведено много экспериментов по моделированию микро-и гипергравитации в лабораторных условиях с помощью центрифуг (Mhatre et al 2022). В целом авторы отмечают, что эффект зависит от интенсивности воздействия, времени экспозиции и стадии развития дрозофилы.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The effect of spaceflight on behavior of Drosophila melanogaster males

Bragina¹,

Besedina²,

Danilenkova³

et al. 2023

IPh

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For about half a century Drosophila has served as a model subject in biomedical research in the influence of spaceflight factors on genome stability, lifespan, metabolism and immunity. Up to now behavioral investigations have been performed either with offspring of flies that had been to space or directly with flies onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Ours is the first research providing evidence that upon return to the Earth after the spaceflight to the ISS, drosophila males show impaired geotaxis, reduced locomotor activity and decreased courtship intensity. The behavioral changes retain for at least two weeks. The main stress factor during the spaceflight is microgravity. Under these conditions living organisms are less able to control posture and goal-directed movements. Microgravity disturbs warm air convection that may cause local changes in oxygen-carbon dioxide balance. This creates unfavorable conditions in vials worsening the physiological state of flies that may influence the results of postflight tests.

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Artificial gravity partially protects space-induced neurological deficits in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 14 publications

References 115 publications

Space microgravity increases expression of genes associated with proliferation and differentiation in human cardiac spheres

Space microgravity increases expression of genes associated with proliferation and differentiation in human cardiac spheres

Microglial activation in spaceflight and microgravity: potential risk of cognitive dysfunction and poor neural health

The effect of spaceflight on behavior of Drosophila melanogaster males

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