Artificial Heart Evaluation Using Flow Visualization Techniques

Wm, Phillips; Ja, Brighton; Ws, Pierce

doi:10.1097/00002480-197201000-00050

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Early fluid mechanics studies were through flow visualization (Lenker 1978, Phillips et al 1972, single-component laser Doppler anemometry (Phillips et al 1979), hot film anemometry in conjunction with dye washout (Affeld 1979), and pulsed Doppler ultrasound (Mann et al 1987, Tarbell et al 1986). Flow visualization continues to be useful for qualitative assessment.…”

Section: Early Experiments In Briefmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental Fluid Mechanics of Pulsatile Artificial Blood Pumps

Deutsch

Tarbell

Manning³

et al. 2006

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fluid mechanics of artificial blood pumps has been studied since the early 1970s in an attempt to understand and mitigate hemolysis and thrombus formation by the device. Pulsatile pumps are characterized by inlet jets that set up a rotational "washing" pattern during filling. Strong regurgitant jets through the closed artificial heart valves have Reynolds stresses on the order of 10,000 dynes/cm 2 and are the most likely cause of red blood cell damage and platelet activation. Although the flow in the pump chamber appears benign, low wall shear stresses throughout the pump cycle can lead to thrombus formation at the wall of the smaller pumps (10-50 cc). The local fluid mechanics is critical. There is a need to rapidly measure or calculate the wall shear stress throughout the device so that the results may be easily incorporated into the design process. 65 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2006.38:65-86. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by University of California -San Diego on 02/04/15. For personal use only.

show abstract

Section: Early Experiments In Briefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1971, Phillips et al (1972 performed pioneering studies utilizing flow visualization techniques in blood pumps. Results of these studies indicated that changes in blood pump geometry, valve type, and orientation could reduce thrombus formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Fluid Mechanics of Pulsatile Artificial Blood Pumps

Deutsch

Tarbell

Manning³

et al. 2006

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A 37% (by volume) glycerolAvater solution was also used as the fluid within the glass cartridge, with dyed Cytodex microcarriers (Cytodex-3, p = 1.04 g/ml, d = 175 (im; Pharmacia, Piscataway, NJ) serving as the visu alizing agent. A 37% glycerol solution has been used by other investigators as a blood analogue, mimicking the specific gravity and viscosity of blood (30,33). Micro-carriers were colored by immersing them into dye and washing to remove excess dye.…”

Section: Flow Visualization Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Engineering of a Bioartificial Renal Tubule Cell Therapy Device

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of a bioartificial renal tubule device composed of renal proximal tubule cells grown within a hollow fiber cartridge is a first step in engineering a bioartificial kidney to provide more complete replacement therapy of renal function than is available today. In this study, the feasibility of two designs for a tubule device were investigated: one with cells grown on microcarrier beads densely packed within the extracapillary space of a hollow fiber cartridge, and the other with cells grown as a confluent monolayer within the hollow fibers themselves. First, the oxygen requirements of porcine renal proximal tubule cells were determined, both attached to microcarriers and in suspension and compared to that of proximal tubule segments. The basal rate of cell respiration was found to be 2.29 +/- 0.53 nmol O2/10(6) cells/min for our cultured proximal tubule cells in suspension and no significant difference was seen with attached cells. Proximal tubule segments displayed significantly higher respiratory rates. Cells were also found to be responsive in the presence of mitochondrial inhibitors or uncouplers, and their respiratory rates remained constant, despite multiple passaging. The resultant cell oxygen consumption parameter was used in models describing oxygen concentration profiles within the two device configurations. From these models, it was found that cells within our proposed device designs could theoretically be sustained and remain viable, with respect to oxygen limitations. Finally, flow visualization studies were performed to assess fluid flow distribution and determine optimal device configuration and geometry to decrease areas of low or stagnant flow.

show abstract

“…Several papers offered refined methods for obtaining, and more data about, dialyzer evaluation. The interest in visualizing and quantifying flows in complex geometries was sustained by a special address given by Greenfield (47) and an experimental study presented by Phillips et al (48) of Penn State. A large number of papers were presented that dealt with the design and evaluation of gas exchangers.…”

Section: Transport Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Technological Transactions

Leonard

1986

Artificial Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Artificial Heart Evaluation Using Flow Visualization Techniques

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Fluid Mechanics of Pulsatile Artificial Blood Pumps

Experimental Fluid Mechanics of Pulsatile Artificial Blood Pumps

Design Engineering of a Bioartificial Renal Tubule Cell Therapy Device

The Technological Transactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About