Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Dentistry

Abstract

Introduction Artificial intelligence has been applied in various fields throughout history, but its integration into daily life is more recent. The first applications of AI were primarily in academia and government research institutions, but as technology has advanced, AI has also been applied in industry, commerce, medicine and dentistry. Objective Considering that the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence are developing rapidly and that this field is one of the areas with the greatest increase in the number of newly published articles, the aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the literature and to give an insight into the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence in medicine and dentistry. In addition, the aim was to discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Conclusion The possibilities of applying artificial intelligence to medicine and dentistry are just being discovered. Artificial intelligence will greatly contribute to developments in medicine and dentistry, as it is a tool that enables development and progress, especially in terms of personalized healthcare that will lead to much better treatment outcomes.

How Artificial Intelligence Can Enhance the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Review of Recent Advances and Challenges

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“…ML can be supervised, unsupervised, or reinforcement learning depending on the type and availability of data and feedback. Deep learning (DL) is a subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks to automatically identify and extract features from raw data such as images and text to make predictions or decisions [12,13]. Therefore, although the terms AI, ML, and DL may be used interchangeably, they are in fact hierarchical (Figure 2).…”

Accuracy of Treatment Recommendations by Pragmatic Evidence Search and Artificial Intelligence: An Exploratory Study

“…The potential of natural language processing AI for clinical decision making must be explored [ 6 ]. The concept of AI has been introduced in all disciplines of dentistry, ranging from endodontics, with AI detection of periapical lesions, root canal fractures, and morphology, to prosthodontics, with restorative designing through CAD/CAM systems [ 7 ]. In general practice, deep learning can automate processes, such as detecting the number of teeth on radiographs and facilitating radiographic diagnoses of carious lesions and periodontal bone loss [ 7 , 8 ].…”

“…The concept of AI has been introduced in all disciplines of dentistry, ranging from endodontics, with AI detection of periapical lesions, root canal fractures, and morphology, to prosthodontics, with restorative designing through CAD/CAM systems [ 7 ]. In general practice, deep learning can automate processes, such as detecting the number of teeth on radiographs and facilitating radiographic diagnoses of carious lesions and periodontal bone loss [ 7 , 8 ]. Surveys also suggest that most patients have positive attitudes towards the introduction of AI in their oral health experience [ 9 ].…”

Applications of artificial intelligence in the utilisation of imaging modalities in dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in-vitro studies

“…In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made substantial inroads into various fields of medicine and healthcare, revolutionizing diagnostic and treatment approaches [ 1 ]. Dentistry, as a crucial domain of healthcare, has not remained untouched by the transformative potential of AI [ 2 ]. AI applications in dentistry have been particularly promising, showing potential for enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of various dental imaging modalities.…”