Artificial light sources and their influence on physical activity and energy expenditure of laying hens

Boshouwers, F. M. G.; Nicaise, Elly

doi:10.1080/00071669308417558

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The absence of a significant effect of light intensity on performance was confirmed in subsequent trials (Newberry et al, 1988), notwithstanding the fact that broilers reared in 180 lux displayed a higher walking and standing activity than birds reared in 61ux. The positive relation between light intensity and physical activity has been observed by many workers (reviewed by Newberry et al, 1988;Boshouwers and Nicaise, 1993). It is reasonable to assume that this increased physical activity, and hence the inherent energy expenditure, should impair broiler performance, as found in older studies (reviewed by Newberry et al, 1988 It is clear that further investigation of the effect of light intensity on broiler performance and behaviour is warranted.…”

Section: Light Intensitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers

Buyse

Simons

Boshouwers

et al. 1996

World's Poultry Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Broilers are currently reared under nearly continuous lighting (CL) schedules. However, the suitability of such lighting regimens may be questioned in terms of performance and welfare. This paper reviews the literature concerning the effects of intermittent lighting (IL) schedules on these issues. Final body weights at market age of broilers reared under IL schedules are equal to, or even higher than, those of broilers reared under CL schedules. However, endogenous (genotype and sex) and exogenous (dietary composition, feeder space, etc.) factors may interact with the lighting schedule. In contrast, feed conversion is consistently improved with IL, partly as a consequence of a more concave growth curve (initial growth depression followed by compensatory growth). Inconsistencies in the literature concerning the effect of IL on (abdominal) fat content and dressing yield are caused by interactions with other factors. However, it is clearly demonstrated that IL reduces leg abnormalities, in particular the incidence of twisted legs. Additional welfare benefits of IL are found in reduced physiological stress and improved eye condition. An increase in the amount of catching damage has been observed with IL, but this may be avoided by modifying light management before commencement of the catching operation. The importance of light is not restricted to the lighting schedule; aspects of the light quality are also important. Although the data related to light intensity are conflicting, it is generally recommended that an intensity of 51ux should be provided. Whilst fluorescent light does not affect broiler performance adversely, its lower use of electricity compared with incandescent lighting does reduce input costs. More research is needed to evaluate the impact of these qualitative aspects of lighting on poultry welfare.

show abstract

Section: Light Intensitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers

Buyse

Simons

Boshouwers

et al. 1996

World's Poultry Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Soto et al, 2008), the manoeuvres undertaken during prey pursuit (Weihs, 1981;Hughes and Kelly, 1996), and the accelerations and decelerations involved in catching agile and evasive prey (Soto et al, 2008) and during complex feeding mechanisms (Potvin et al, 2009). Other (also non-diving) animals may have energy expenditure affected by humidity (Marhold and Nagel, 1995), pressure (Lovvorn, 1999), salinity (Pechenik et al, 2000) and light intensity (Boshouwers and Nicaise, 1993), as well as by parameters that animals themselves can change such as speed of movement (Rubenson et al, 2004) and climb angle (Laursen et al, 2000). Our ability to integrate all relevant dimensions enables a better assessment of the consequences of any changes in the environment (both biotic and abiotic) to which organisms are exposed, and determine the extent to which the behavioural repertoire displayed in response to changing conditions may be optimal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-dimensional animal energetic niches clarify behavioural options in a variable marine environment

Wilson

McMahon

Quintana

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYAnimals respond to environmental variation by exhibiting a number of different behaviours and/or rates of activity, which result in corresponding variation in energy expenditure. Successful animals generally maximize efficiency or rate of energy gain through foraging. Quantification of all features that modulate energy expenditure can theoretically be modelled as an animal energetic niche or power envelope; with total power being represented by the vertical axis and n-dimensional horizontal axes representing extents of processes that affect energy expenditure. Such an energetic niche could be used to assess the energetic consequences of animals adopting particular behaviours under various environmental conditions. This value of this approach was tested by constructing a simple mechanistic energetics model based on data collected from recording devices deployed on 41 free-living Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus), foraging from four different colonies in Argentina and consequently catching four different types of prey. Energy expenditure was calculated as a function of total distance swum underwater (horizontal axis 1) and maximum depth reached (horizontal axis 2). The resultant power envelope was invariant, irrespective of colony location, but penguins from the different colonies tended to use different areas of the envelope. The different colony solutions appeared to represent particular behavioural options for exploiting the available prey and demonstrate how penguins respond to environmental circumstance (prey distribution), the energetic consequences that this has for them, and how this affects the balance of energy acquisition through foraging and expenditure strategy.

show abstract

“…Although incandescent lamps are widely used in the commercial rearing of turkeys, fluorescent lamps, particularly modern compact tubes, offer several advantages. However, there has been some concern that the inherent flicker emitted by fluorescent light sources might have an adverse effect on the behaviour of poultry (Boshouwers andNicaise, 1993, Widowski et al, 1992) which could influence injurious pecking. The effects on injurious pecking of rearing turkeys under fluorescent light has not been examined previously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of environmental enrichment, fluorescent and intermittent lighting on injurious pecking amongst male turkey poults

Sherwin¹,

Lewis²,

Perry³

1999

British Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. Under commercial and experimental conditions domestic turkeys often cause injuries to pen-mates by repeated pecking, sometimes fatally. Environmental enrichment or lighting manipulations might be used to mitigate such injurious pecking. 2. This study examined responses to 4 treatments (2 rooms/treatment) of 8 groups of 100, non-beak trimmed, non-desnooded, male domestic turkeys from 1 to 35 d of age. 3. Birds of 1 treatment were reared under conditions approximating to commercial rearing (12L:12D incandescent, Control) whereas the experimental treatments were 12L:12D incandescent plus supplemental ultraviolet radiation, straw supplementation of litter, pecking substrates and visual barriers (Enriched), 12L:12D fluorescent lighting (Fluorescent), and 2(2L:3D):2L:12D incandescent (Intermittent). 4. Compared to control birds, the incidence of injuries caused by wing or tail pecking were both lower in the Enriched but not significantly different in the Fluorescent or Intermittent. 5. Injuries caused by head pecking did not occur in the Enriched rooms but were observed in at least 1 of the rooms with Control, Fluorescent and Intermittent treatments. 6. Despite considerable environmental differences between treatments, there was remarkable consistency within each type of injurious pecking in age at which injuries were 1st recorded (wing pecking, 9.38+/-1.31 d; tail pecking, 20.43+/-2.42 d; head pecking, 27.8+/-2.13 d). The roles of feather emergence, hierarchy formation in wild turkey poults and appearance of feathers are discussed as possible explanations of these consistencies.

show abstract

Artificial light sources and their influence on physical activity and energy expenditure of laying hens

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers

Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers

N-dimensional animal energetic niches clarify behavioural options in a variable marine environment

Effects of environmental enrichment, fluorescent and intermittent lighting on injurious pecking amongst male turkey poults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About