Two environmental problems that affect human society are pollution and improper rubbish management. This can happen as a result of common household and commercial activities, and it could have an impact on every environment on the world. From effluent runoff to the disposal of industrial waste and oil spills, human activity has a significant long-term impact on rivers and oceans. Waste and toxins can spread for decades once they enter natural cycles, causing long-term damage. In order to treat polluted media, bioremediation modifies the environment to promote the growth and breakdown of the target pollutants by microorganisms. Artificial intelligence technology has taken on a new sparkle in the current day by entering the bioremediation and wastewater treatment fields. It enables the computer to programme and carry out particular tasks using well developed and implemented mathematical methods. The chapter discusses AI techniques like artificial neural network, fuzzy logics, and genetic algorithms used for bioremediation and wastewater treatment.