Artificial Pancreas Systems for People With Type 2 Diabetes: Conception and Design of the European CLOSE Project

Abstract

In the last 10 years tremendous progress has been made in the development of artificial pancreas (AP) systems for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The pan-European consortium CLOSE (Automated Glu c ose Contro l at H o me for People with Chronic Disea se ) is aiming to develop integrated AP solutions (APplus) tailored to the needs of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). APplus comprises a product and service package complementing the AP system by obligatory training as well as home visits and telemedical consultations on demand. Outcome predictors and performance indicators shall help to identify people who could benefit most from AP usage and facilitate the measurement of AP impact in diabetes care. In a first step CLOSE will establish a scalable APplus model case working at the interface between patients, homecare service providers, and payers in France. CLOSE will then scale up APplus by pursuing geographic distribution, targeting additional audiences, and enhancing AP functionalities and interconnectedness. By being part of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) Health public-private partnership, CLOSE is committed to the EIT “knowledge triangle” pursuing the integrated advancement of technology, education, and business creation. Putting stakeholders, education, and impact into the center of APplus advancement is considered key for achieving wide AP use in T2D care.

Integrated personalized diabetes management goes Europe: A multi-disciplinary approach to innovating type 2 diabetes care in Europe

“…Indeed, the European Commission has recognized that, if it is to overcome these barriers, future healthcare will require (1) secure access and exchange of health data, (2) pooling of health data for research and personalized medicine, and (3) digital tools and data for citizen empowerment and person-centered healthcare, all of which are aspects addressed in the EIT Health's strategic agenda and the iPDM-GO initiative. Other EIT Health funded innovation projects in the area of chronic disease management include the pan-European consortium CLOSE (Automated Glucose Control at Home for People with Chronic Disease), which aims to develop artificial pancreas solutions for persons with T2DM dependent on homecare [32].…”

Costs and Its Drivers for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in France and Germany: A Systematic Review of Economic Studies

“…Recently, an unusually high potential for personalizing type 2 diabetes management has been attributed to the usage of continuous monitoring glucose tools and automated insulin delivery (i.e. arti cial pancreas) systems (33). These innovative solutions are widely considered fundamental for effectively reducing the risk of hypo-and hyperglycaemic events and the risk of follow-up complications (34).…”

“…Nonadherence and early discontinuation also lead to signi cant resource wastes (37). This article is part of an EU-funded project which intends to implement automated insulin delivery systems employing an arti cial pancreas for persons with type 2 diabetes in France and Germany (33). Carrying out a systematic literature review, it attempts to identify the most relevant cost drivers in type 2 diabetes management in France and Germany, which represent the largest markets for diabetes technologies in Europe and the best contexts for testing new solutions.…”

Costs and its Drivers for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in France and Germany: A Systematic Review of economic studies

“…Recently, an unusually high potential to personalize type 2 diabetes management has been attributed to the use of continuous monitoring glucose tools and automated insulin delivery systems (i.e. arti cial pancreas) (34). These innovative solutions are widely considered fundamental to effectively reduce the risk of hypo-and hyperglycaemic events and the risk of follow-up complications (35).…”

“…This article is part of an EU-funded project that intends to implement automated insulin delivery systems employing an arti cial pancreas for people with type 2 diabetes in France and Germany (34). Carrying out a systematic literature review, it attempts to identify the most relevant cost drivers in type 2 diabetes management in France and Germany.…”