Artificial Parthenogenesis

Tyler, Albert

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1941.tb01105.x

Cited by 66 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 155 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reviews by Tyler (1941) and Beatty (1964) list three basic categories for diploid F0 females: (1) retention of a first polar body, (2) retention of a second polar body, (3) regulation during cleavage mitoses. Each of these consequences would lead to a level of inbreeding greater than could normally be obtained by full-sib mating, and gynogenesis could therefore be useful as a means of accelerating the production of inbred fish.…”

Section: Discussro and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, sporadic occurrences of more normal hatchlings have been observed following parthenogenesis by pricking and these have been shown to be diploid (Parmenter, 1933;Kawamura, 1939). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the process of diploidisation (see Tyler, 1941;Beatty, 1964), but the experimental evidence in amphibia seems to favour diploidisation by doubling of the haploid female genome during cleavage. Thus Parmenter (1933) and Kawamura (1939) observed delayed cleavage in parthenogenetic eggs which subsequently produced diploid organisms, and Subtelny (1958) produced diploid individuals following transplantation of haploid nuclei into enucleated eggs, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radiation-induced gynogenesis and androgenesis in fish

Purdom

1969

Heredity

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussro and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced gynogenesis and androgenesis in fish

Purdom

1969

Heredity

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Activation has long been thought to involve and require at least a transient increase in free calcium in the cytoplasm (55). Proof of this theory should have three parts: first, a measurement of the rise (if any) of free cytoplasmic calcium during activation; second, evidence that direct artificial induction of a comparable or smaller rise in free calcium will activate the eggs; and third, evidence that prevention of the natural rise will block activation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A free calcium wave traverses the activating egg of the medaka, Oryzias latipes.

Gilkey

Jaffe

Ridgway

et al. 1978

The Journal of Cell Biology

518

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are abundant examples of the triggering of precise biochemical events by nonspecific mechanical or chemical means. The induction of lytic reproduction of prophage in response to UV radiation (24) and the mechanical induction of parthenogenesis in amphibian eggs (34) are two of the many examples. If monilicolin A is nonspecific, it would be only one of a broad spectrum of nonspecific reagents capable of inducing phytoalexin accumulation in plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Pathogen Interactions

Ayers¹,

Ebel²,

Finelli³

et al. 1976

Plant Physiol.

258

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resistance of soybean (Glycine mar L.) seedlings to Phytophthora megasperma var. sojac (Pms) is in part due to the accumulation in infected tissue of a compound which is toxic to Pins. The accunmulation of this compound, a phytoalexin called glyceolin, is triggered by infection, but it can also be triggered by molecules, "elicitors," present in cultures of Pms. The ability of the Pms elicitor to stimulate phytoalexin accumulation in soybean tissues has been used as the basis for biological assays of elicitor activity. Two bioassays were developed and characterized in this study of the Pms elicitor. These bioassays use the cotyledons and the hypocotyls of soybean seedlings. The cotyledon assay was used to characterize the extracellular Pms elcitor. This elicitor was isolated from Pms cultures and purified by ion exchange and molecular sieving chromatography. The extraceflular Pms elicitor was determined to be a predominantly 3-linked glucan, which is similar in composition and structure to a polysaccharide component of Pms mycelial walls.One of the most common reactions of a plant in response to invasion by a pathogen involves the precipitous death or hypersensitive response of those plant cells which have come in contact with a pathogen (9,25,32,33). The direct effects of plant cell death on pathogen development are not known. It has been suggested that cell death may result in the disruption of lysozymes and other cellular structures, releasing enzymes and compounds which may interfere with the growth of the pathogen (37). Compounds which are toxic to the pathogen are present in the area of localized necrosis, but these compounds, called phytoalexins, are thought to be synthesized by the healthy cells neighboring the necrotic area (25,29).It is not known how hypersensitive cell death and phytoalexin accumulation are initiated. The first clues to the nature of the molecules which trigger the accumulation of phytoalexins came from studies of pathogens grown in defined media. Cell-free filtrates from cultures of several pathogens (1-3, 12, 13, 19, 22, 28, 30, 35, 36) were demonstrated to elicit phytoalexin accumulation in their hosts. One of the first of these reports was in 1958 by Uehara (35) West Germany. 4 To whom reprint requests should be addressed at the Department of Chemistry.sp. to seed pods of soybeans, the host of this fungal pathogen, and observed that a fungitoxic compound accumulated in the bean tissue. Similar observations of phytoalexin accumulation in green bean tissue have been made after application of culture filtrates of Monilinia fructicola (7), Penicillium expansum (30), and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (1, 2). The cell-free culture filtrates of the fungal pathogen (Phytophthora megasperma var.sojae have also been shown to stimulate phytoalexin accumulation in its host, soybeans (3,12,13,17,19,22,28). Attempts were made to purify from some of these pathogen cultures the molecules responsible for triggering phytoalexin accumulation; with the exception of the glucan produced...

show abstract

Artificial Parthenogenesis

Cited by 66 publications

References 155 publications

Radiation-induced gynogenesis and androgenesis in fish

Radiation-induced gynogenesis and androgenesis in fish

A free calcium wave traverses the activating egg of the medaka, Oryzias latipes.

Host-Pathogen Interactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About