Artificial Saliva for Therapeutic Management of Xerostomia

Alhejoury, Hajer Ayed; Mogharbel, Lina Fouad; Al-Qadhi, Mohammed Ahmed; Shamlan, Suzan Sulaiman; Alturki, Amal Fuad; Babatin, Wafaa Mohammed; Alaishan, Renad Abdualrahman Mohammed; Pullishery, Fawaz

doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_236_21

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Given the parasympathetic innervation of parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, and minor salivary glands, the stimulation of parasympathetic nerves should improve xerostomia, dry mouth, and hypogeusia. Parasympathomimetic or muscarinic agonists pilocarpine and cevimeline stimulate salivary glands to increase saliva in patients with xerostomia [ 155 ]. However, these sialagogues are likely to cause side-effects such as nausea, vomiting, increased urinary frequency, and headache.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Tsuchiya

2023

Dentistry Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, treating taste and saliva secretory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a critical issue. The aim of the present study was to update information on treatments applicable to such oral symptoms and discuss their pathogenic mechanisms. The literature search indicated that different treatments using tetracycline, corticosteroids, zinc, stellate ganglion block, phytochemical curcumin, traditional herbal medicine, nutraceutical vitamin D, photobiomodulation, antiviral drugs, malic acid sialagogue, chewing gum, acupuncture, and/or moxibustion have potential effects on COVID-19-associated ageusia/dysgeusia/hypogeusia and xerostomia/dry mouth/hyposalivation. These treatments have multiple modes of action on viral cellular entry and replication, cell proliferation and differentiation, immunity, and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced pathological conditions such as inflammation, cytokine storm, pyroptosis, neuropathy, zinc dyshomeostasis, and dysautonomia. An understanding of currently available treatment options is required for dental professionals because they may treat patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 or who recovered from COVID-19, and become aware of their abnormal taste and salivary secretion. By doing so, dentists and dental hygienists could play a crucial role in managing COVID-19 oral symptoms and contribute to improving the oral health-related quality of life of the relevant patients.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Tsuchiya

2023

Dentistry Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ndROAG was modified to include self-care instructions after the examination criteria for a non-dentist to promptly advise the patients and their caregivers if mild alteration is detected. The use of artificial saliva substitute was removed because the patients should have been diagnosed and the cause of decreased saliva identified prior to receiving optimal treatment and management [ 26 ]. In the original ROAG, the management of a severe alteration is somewhat confusing because some categories indicate a referral to a dentist and some to a physician, or to perform self-care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural translation and modification of the revised oral assessment guide for oral health assessment by non-dentists

Limpuangthip,

Komin,

Chaichaowarat

et al. 2023

BDJ Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives This study aimed to conduct a cross-cultural translation of the revised oral assessment guide (ROAG) into Thai language and to modify the tool to increase its validity and reliability. Materials and methods The present study was a cross-sectional design conducted in dental and hospitalized patients, and community-dwelling people. The original English-version of the ROAG was translated into Thai, which was evaluated for validity and reliability. The tool was then revised to develop the modified ROAG for non-dentist (ndROAG) comprising 9 oral assessment categories with a three-level response; healthy, mild, and severe alteration. The criterion validity of the ndROAG was tested in 82 adult and older participants, and 46 non-dentists comprising dental assistants, dental hygienists, community health volunteers, and nurses, using a calibrated dentist as the reference standard. The ndROAG was translated back into an English version. The criterion validity was evaluated using weighted Kappa (Kw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach alpha. The three-level response was dichotomized into healthy and changed to determine the sensitivity and specificity. Results The Kw values, ICC, and Cronbach alpha values of the ndROAG were higher than those of the pre-test ROAG. The sensitivity of the ndROAG in identifying the healthy and changed state ranged from 57.1 to 100.0% with the lowest value in the saliva category, whereas the specificity ranged from 90.9–100.0%. Conclusion The original ROAG was translated and revised into the ndROAG with improved validity and reliability. The ndROAG can be used by non-dentists to assess the oral health of adult and older individuals to detect oral changes, which includes self-care instructions and patient referral guidance.

show abstract

“…Given the parasympathetic innervation of parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, and minor salivary glands, stimulation of parasympathetic nerves should improve xerostomia, dry mouth, and hypogeusia. Parasympathomimetic or muscarinic agonist pilocarpine and cevimeline stimulate salivary glands to increase saliva in patients with xerostomia [147]. However, these sialagogues are likely to cause side-effects such as nausea, vomiting, increased urinary frequency, and headache.…”

Section: Promotion Of Salivary Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salivary secretion is promoted in response to taste, especially sour taste [147]. Although acidic compounds stimulate salivary secretion, their long-term use increases the risk of tooth erosion.…”

Section: Promotion Of Salivary Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Tsuchiya¹

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the worldwide spread of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), treating taste and saliva secretory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the most critical issues in the COVID-19 era. The aim of the present study was to update information on treatments being applicable to such oral symptoms and discuss their pathogenic mechanisms. Promising treatments include different types of methods using tetracycline, corticosteroid, zinc, stellate ganglion block, phytochemical curcumin, traditional herbal medicine, nutraceutical vitamin D, photobiomodulation, antiviral drug, malic acid sialagogue, chewing gum, acupuncture, and/or moxibustion. At present, however, fully validated treatments are still lacking for COVID-19-associated ageusia/dysgeusia/hypogeusia and xerostomia/dry mouth/hyposalivation. An appropriately selected treatment and oral healthcare should be provided to COVID-19 patients and survivors suffering from taste and saliva secretory disorders. Understanding of currently available treatment options is required for dental profes-sionals because they not only experience patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 or recov-ered from COVID-19 but first become aware of their abnormal taste and salivary secretion. By doing so, dentists and dental hygienists can play a crucial role in managing COVID-19-associated oral symptoms and contribute to improving the oral health-related quality of life of the relevant dental patients.

show abstract

Artificial Saliva for Therapeutic Management of Xerostomia

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Cross-cultural translation and modification of the revised oral assessment guide for oral health assessment by non-dentists

Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About