Artistic creativity and risk for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression: a Swedish population-based case–control study and sib-pair analysis

MacCabe, James H.; Sariaslan, Amir; Almqvist, Catarina; Lichtenstein, Paul; Larsson, Henrik; Kyaga, Simon

doi:10.1192/bjp.2018.23

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In a large Swedish cohort, teenagers who chose to study ‘core’ artistic subjects (subjects that involved ‘creation of art,’ such as visual arts) had a stronger correlation with a future hospitalization for schizophrenia compared to those that chose artistic subjects that place more emphasis on interpretation (e.g. dance) …”

Section: Evolutionary Theories Linking Schizophrenia To Adaptive Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the origin of schizophrenia: Testing evolutionary theories in the post‐genomic era

Nesic

Stojković

Maric

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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thinking, language, and creativity are specific for mankind. Intertwined with the evolution of these uniquely human capacities might be the emergence of a uniquely human conditionschizophrenia. Traditionally considered a chronic and debilitating disorder, schizophrenia manifests itself by a combination of psychotic symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), motivational difficulties, and cognitive dysfunctions. 1 Cognitive deficits, such as problems in abstract thinking, language, and executive functioning, are considered the core pathology in schizophrenia. 2 In fact, in persons with a nonaffective psychotic disorder, cognitive deficits can be traced back to childhood, as early as to 18 months of age, 3 suggesting that there is an intrinsic vulnerability to schizophrenia, present before its full-

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Section: Evolutionary Theories Linking Schizophrenia To Adaptive Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the origin of schizophrenia: Testing evolutionary theories in the post‐genomic era

Nesic

Stojković

Maric

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…The study also showed the converse pattern of performance on the same in patients The third approach is that of case series studies on psychiatric groups of interest whose information processing deficits are believed to be of especial relevance to creative cognition. Disorders that have received most of the focus so far are bipolar disorder (Andreasen, 2008;Santosa et al, 2007;Soeiro-de-Souza, Dias, Bio, Post, & Moreno, 2011;Taylor, 2017) and schizophrenia (Abraham, Windmann, McKenna, & Güntürkün, 2007;Acar, Chen, & Cayirdag, 2018), which is to be expected given the population based studies that indicate a higher degree of these disorders of psychosis in relation to creative professions (Kyaga et al, 2013(Kyaga et al, , 2011MacCabe et al, 2018) as well as a modest genetic propensity for the same (Power et al, 2015) (also see Keller & Visscher, 2015). Other disorders of interest, which have albeit received comparatively little attention, include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Abraham, Windmann, Siefen, Daum, & Güntürkün, 2006;Boot, Nevicka, & Baas, 2017;Healey & Rucklidge, 2006), autism (Craig & Baron-Cohen, 1999;Diener, Wright, Smith, & Wright, 2014;Kasirer & Mashal, 2014) and dyslexia (Kasirer & Mashal, 2016;von Károlyi, Winner, Gray, & Sherman, 2003;Wolff & Lundberg, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

The neuropsychology of creativity

Abraham

2019

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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The neuropsychological approach has been instrumental in delivering key insights that have enabled a clearer understanding of the human mind and its workings. Despite the unique promise of this approach and the perspective it affords, it has only been limited utilized when exploring creative cognition. This papers an overview of three methodologies-single case studies, case series investigations on neurological populations, and case series investigations on psychiatric populationsthat have been employed within the neuropsychology of creativity and highlights some of the important revelations that each direction of study has delivered. In doing so, the aim is to make a case for the unique utility of the neuropsychological approach in allowing for a better understanding of the creative mind. Highlights: ! The neuropsychological approach is limitedly employed in the study of creativity ! An important focus of single case studies is the phenomenon of 'de novo' creativity ! Case series investigations in creativity cover neurological and psychiatric groups

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“…Creative productivity and willingness to present one's own work in public may decrease during depressed episodes. Population‐based Swedish studies showed that although the study of artistic subjects in secondary or tertiary education was associated with a higher risk of both, BD and unipolar depression (MacCabe et al, ), only people with BD were found to be overrepresented in artistic professions (Kyaga et al, ). Not surprisingly, participants of our study reporting increased activity associated with mood swings scored comparably high on the CAQ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creativity in persons at‐risk for bipolar disorder—A pilot study

Burkhardt

Pfennig

Breitling

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim The association between bipolar disorder and creativity may be related to symptoms of the disorder itself or personality traits present before the onset. To further explore the relationship between creativity and clinical risk for bipolar disorder, creativity among individuals with a history of depressive disorder and varying risk for future (hypo‐)manic episodes was assessed and compared. Methods Thirty‐eight participants completed the diagnostic process, including Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) Diagnosis, Hamilton Depression Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. The early detection tools Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale‐Prospective (BPSS‐P), Early Phase Inventory for Bipolar Disorders (EPIbipolar) and bipolar‐at‐risk‐(BAR) criteria were used to assign participants into different at‐risk groups. Assessment of creativity included Barron‐Welsh Art Scale (BWAS) and Creative Achievement Questionnaire (CAQ). Scores were compared between low‐ and high‐risk groups for the development of bipolar disorder. Results Participants meeting BAR criteria scored significantly higher on the BWAS than the non‐BAR group (P = 0.03). EPIbipolar groups did not differ significantly in creativity scores. Participants with mood swings, especially when associated with increased activity and euphoric features, had significantly higher BWAS scores compared to individuals without mood swings (P = 0.04). Sleep disturbances, substance abuse, anxiety, ADHD and behavioural disturbances in childhood or adolescence had no effect on creativity level or achievement scores. Generalisability was reduced by small sample size and inclusion of depressive participants only considered at‐risk for bipolar disorder. Conclusions There is evidence of increased creativity, but not of higher creative achievements, in persons at‐risk of bipolar disorder. Mood swings are strongly associated with creativity.

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Artistic creativity and risk for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression: a Swedish population-based case–control study and sib-pair analysis

Abstract: Students of artistic subjects at university are at increased risk of developing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression in adulthood.Declaration of interestNone.

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

On the origin of schizophrenia: Testing evolutionary theories in the post‐genomic era

On the origin of schizophrenia: Testing evolutionary theories in the post‐genomic era

The neuropsychology of creativity

Creativity in persons at‐risk for bipolar disorder—A pilot study

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