Aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates the expression of LmGSTd7 and is associated with chlorpyrifos susceptibility in Locusta migratoria

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) belongs to the bHLH-PAS (basic Helix-Loop-Helix -Period/ARNT/Single minded) family of transcription factors. AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which participates in the sensing and transmitting stimuli of endogenous and exogenous chemicals, and subsequently activates the transcription of genes related to various physiological and detoxification functions. RESULT: In this study, a single full-length LmAhR sequence was cloned and characterized. RNA interference (RNAi) and insecticide bioassays showed that LmAhR plays a vital role in chlorpyrifos susceptibility. To better identify aryl hydrocarbon receptor from locusta migratoria (LmAhR)-regulated genes involved in chlorpyrifos susceptibility, a comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using double-stranded (ds)GFP-and dsLmAhR-injected Locusta migratoria. Differential gene expression analysis identified 145 down-regulated and 67 up-regulated genes (P ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥2) in dsLmAhR-knockdown insects. We selected 27 down-regulated genes and verified their expression levels using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Finally, one glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene (LmGSTd7) was selected as a candidate detoxification gene and was further validated via RNAi and chlorpyrifos bioassays. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that AhR is associated with chlorpyrifos susceptibility via the regulation of LmGSTd7 expression in L. migratoria. (Ma) † These authors contributed equally to this work.

Complete Genome Sequence of Weissella confusa LM1 and Comparative Genomic Analysis

“…Exploring the dominant gut bacteria and its potential functions will be helpful in pesticide development, pest management strategies, and pesticide bioremediation. A recent study discovered a new metabolism pathway that the W. confusa Lb.Con strain can degrade chlorpyrifos (Hamoud and Sifour, 2021), which is a commercial pesticide used to control foliar insects, including locusts (Zhang et al, 2019). W. confusa is a dominant gut bacteria of the migratory locust, high abundance of W. confusa may be one of the important reasons for the marginal chlorpyrifos resistance of this pest (Yang et al, 2009).…”

Both LmCYP4G genes function in decreasing cuticular penetration of insecticides in Locusta migratoria

“…Eggs of L. migratoria were purchased from the Insect Protein Co., Ltd (Cangzhou, China). Eggs were incubated at 30 ± 1 °C, 50% relative humidity (RH) under a 14:10 h light/dark cycle 20 . After hatching, nymphs were cultured in cages (25 × 25 × 25 cm) and fed on fresh wheat leaves under the same conditions.…”

“…The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria , is one of the most important and destructive agricultural pests around the world 20 . We have identified two CYP4G genes, named CYP4G62 ( CYP4G1 ‐type) and CYP4G102 ( CYP4G15 ‐type) in L. migratoria .…”

The RNA helicase DDX3 is required for ovarian development and oocyte maturation in Locusta migratoria

“…The synthesized complementary DNA (cDNA) diluted 10‐fold was used as real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) templates. RT‐qPCR was performed using LightCycler® 480 Instrument II (Roche) under condition of 94°C for 2 min, followed by 40 cycles of 94° for 15 s, 60° for 31 s. EF1α was selected as an internal reference gene (Zhang et al, 2019b). 2 x ChamQ TM Universal SYBR® qPCR MasterMix, 0.2 μM primer pairs, 4 μl cDNA template and H 2 O were mixed for RT‐qPCR reaction.…”