As inter-relações da rede social do homem com câncer na perspectiva bioecológica: contribuições para a enfermagem

Abstract

ABSTRACT:It has the objective of knowing the characteristics of the social network inter-relations of the man with cancer, in chemotherapeutic treatment. Qualitative study that used as theoretical referential the Bioecological model by Bronfenbrenner and the Ecological Insertion method. Three men with cancer participated, and they were attended in a chemotherapeutic service between April and September 2010. It was performed an average of six meetings with each subject. The interviews data were submitted to the thematic analysis. It was verified that in order to strengthen the relationships and development of the man with cancer, it is necessary positive characteristics in his social network, like presence, communication, sharing, trust, respect, interest and protection, ways of matured support over time that influence the life of the people in a healthy manner. The health professionals, when knowing the network and inter-relations characteristics, will be able to intervene together with the person in the strengthening of his supporting bonds, and the significant change of his fragilized relations. DESCRIPTORS: LAS INTERRELACIONES DE LA RED SOCIAL DEL HOMBRE CON CÁNCER BAJO LA PERSPECTIVA BIOECOLÓGICA: CONTRIBUCIONESPARA LA ENFERMERÍA RESUMEN: Estudio que tiene como objetivo conocer las características de las inter-relaciones de la red social del hombre con cáncer en tratamiento de quimioterapia. Estudio cualitativo que utilizó como referencial teórico el Modelo Bioecológico de Bronfenbrenner y el método de Inserción Ecológica. Formaron parte tres hombres con cáncer bajo el atendimiento de un servicio de quimioterapia, entre abril y septiembre de 2010, realizándose, un promedio de seis citas con cada sujeto. Los datos de las encuestas fueron sometidos al análisis temático. Se constató que, para el fortalecimiento de las relaciones y desarrollo del hombre con cáncer, son necesarias características positivas en su red social, como: presencia, comunicación, compartir, confianza, respeto, interés y protección, formas de apoyo maduradas a lo largo del tiempo que influencian la vida de las personas de modo saludable. Los profesionales de la salud al conocer la red y las características de sus inter-relaciones podrán intervenir conjuntamente con la persona en el fortalecimiento de sus vínculos apoyadores y en el cambio significativo de sus relaciones fragilizadas.

Perception of adult men on their preventive practices and health support networks

“…This is because, it was observed that the relationships established by men are given mainly to people with whom they have close contact, and the family members stand out in this context. If necessary, having someone to seek support promotes relief and safety for man and using communication makes him feel comfortable and empowered, in situations of suffering or not (6) . Facing that, talking represents a communicative process, synonymous of help, attention, sharing and reinvigoration of positive relationships for health (7) , and to confirm that the socialization of this issue in many occasions, combats invisibility and male passivity facing health.…”

“…Consequently, health professionals should be alert to the identification of this support network and take advantage of different opportunities to establish contact with men, thus reinforcing the importance of healthy relationships and establishing new contacts for health (6) . However, when the subject does not build healthy relations, it is also up to the health professional to intervene so that changes in this direction occur.…”

“…In the quest for well-being, social support networks are formed, which can be defined as the set of relations which the subject establishes and considers significant in health situations and periods of illnesses, acute or chronic. The importance of supporting networks in maintaining the health of the subject, in leveraging early recovery after the onset of the disease and even in a better adaptation and the experience with a chronic illness is recognized (6)(7) .…”

A família no cuidado à pessoa com estomia de eliminação: funções da rede social

“…Esses resultados convergem com investigação realizada com homens com neoplasia, o qual referia o benefício recebido por eles por parte de amigos, de vizinhos e de familiares, na ajuda quanto à locomoção e quanto ao suporte financeiro. Esses auxílios foram fundamentais para o enfrentamento do adoecimento, promovendo aos familiares a esperança de apostar na recuperação 19 .…”

“…O apoio emocional pode ser equiparado com o "estar lá"; a companhia social, por sua vez, caracteriza-se pelo vivenciar momentos juntos 2 , ou "estar presente". A presença, no momento do sofrimento, não precisa ser física, pois o apoio pode ultrapassar tais barreiras e ser ofertado pelos próprios integrantes da família 19,20 .…”