Asaia bogorensis peritonitis identified by 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis in a patient receiving peritoneal dialysis

Gluconobacter as Well as Asaia Species, Newly Emerging Opportunistic Human Pathogens among Acetic Acid Bacteria

“…Our report reinforces the hypothesis that AAB may specifically colonize and potentially infect the respiratory tract of CF patients by their propensity to grow in an acidic environment, which is a classic condition in the CF airway liquid (22). AAB were also implied or suspected to be responsible for other types of infections, including, in particular, bacteremia in patients for whom the probable source of infection was an indwelling device (1,12,17,27). The known use of acidic substances such as vinegar or lemon juice to dilute heroin (2,28) and the potential contamination of batches of compounds for intravenous drug abuse by AAB (32,33) make us speculate that patient 1 was contaminated after intravenous drug injection, probably during his hospitalization, as he was apyretic at the time of admission.…”

“…Until 2006, A. bogorensis was the only AAB reported to be causing human disease (27). In 2006, Greenberg et al reported a case of recurrent idiopathic lymphadenitis due to G. bethesdensis in a patient with CGD and demonstrated that Koch's postulates were fulfilled (14).…”

“…They have been used in industrial food processing throughout human history, especially to convert wine to vinegar and to produce tropical fermented products. The first report of infection with AAB in humans dates from 2004, when Snyder et al reported a case of peritonitis associated with Asaia bogorensis in a patient with a peritoneal dialysis catheter (27). Greenberg et al reported 2 years later that another AAB, Granulibacter bethesdensis, was the cause of infection in patients originating from geographically distinct locations and suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) (13,14).…”

Acetobacter indonesiensisPneumonia after Lung Transplant

“…Isolates of this family are recognized as food-associated bacteria and are able to grow at acidic pH (4). Three species have been reported as emerging pathogens in humans: Asaia bogorensis (in a case of peritonitis in a patient with a peritoneal dialysis catheter [5]); Granulibacter bethesdensis (in 3 cases of lymphadenitis associated with chronic granulomatous disease [6]); and Acetobacter cibinongensis (a recent case of bacteremia in a patient receiving chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal failure [7]). …”

Asaia astilbes sp. nov., Asaia platycodi sp. nov., and Asaia prunellae sp. nov., novel acetic acid bacteria isolated from flowers in Japan

“…Asaia strains were isolated from a peritoneal dialysis fl uid of a patient with a medical history of end-stage renal disease secondary to diabetes (Snyder et al, 2004), and from blood of a man with a history of intravenous drug abuse (Tuuminen et al, 2006).…”