Ascariasis and trichuriasis in Cameroon

Ratard, Raoult; Kouemeni, L.; Bessala, M.M.Ekani; Ndamkou, C.N.; Sama, Martyn; Cline, Barnett L.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(91)90170-4

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Anderson [55] likewise reported that on the basis of population dynamic considerations alone, Ascaris and Trichuris were more prevalent than hookworm because with their shorter life expectancies, they would have high transmission efficiency relative to that of hookworms. In Cameroon, the geographical distribution of infection by Ascaris and Trichuris is similar; since environmental conditions play a major role in their transmission and because the eggs of both parasites mature inside the shell before they become infective [30]. The prevalence of Ascaris in this study was higher than that of Trichuris.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Ascaris eggs are better resistant to adverse conditions as they are dormant under dry conditions, while Trichuris are much less resistant to desiccation. Again, this survey was carried out during the rainy season, and results obtained from a comprehensive review of the geographical distribution of ascariasis in parts of West Africa indicated high rates of Ascaris in areas receiving more than 1400 mm of rainfall annually [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children in Ghettoed, Diverse and Affluent Communities in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Fusi-Ngwa¹,

Besong²,

Poné³

et al. 2014

OALib

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Background: There is a paucity of knowledge on the epidemiology of parasitic diseases which remain rampant in the Dschang municipality. Three communities around Dschang town-Ngui (slummy), Paidground (heterogeneous) and the Administrative Quarter-AQ (wealthy) were investigated to highlight the aetiology of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in children in order to enhance health policy intervention priorities. Methods: Between July and November 2009, 31 stools amples were collected from children aged six months to 18 years (mean 9 years) in 295 households across the three communities. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, source of water supply, de-worming practice and treatment history. Stool samples were screened for ova/larvae of intestinal parasites using direct wet mount, brine floatation and formol-ether sedimentation methods. Results from stool tests and information obtained from questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In total, 223 (26.8%) children had single (19.9%) and multiple (7%) infections from seven parasites: the overall prevalence was 34.7%; helminthes 19.3% and protozoa 15.4% (χ 2 = 4.3, P < 0.0380); corresponding to Entamoeba histolytica 8.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides 7.5%, Trichuris trichiura 6.8%, Entamoeba coli (5.8%), hookworm 4.6%, Giardia lamblia 0.8% and Vampirolepis (Syn: Hymenolepis) nana 0.4%. Infections were more severe and rates significantly higher in Ngui (45.9%, χ 2 = 86.83, P < 0.0001) than in the AQ (17.7%) and Paidground (16.7%), and in the oldest children above 15 years (55.3%, χ 2 = 111.97, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Regular sustained synchronized deworming alongside antiprotozoaics, periodic diSagnostics for all children and slummed residents which lend to intestinal protozoa; sanitary inspection of homes and water supplies; adequate drainage and community wastes disposal; and prevention education on hygiene, sanitation, safe water and health were desirable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Study of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children in Ghettoed, Diverse and Affluent Communities in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Fusi-Ngwa¹,

Besong²,

Poné³

et al. 2014

OALib

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“…These villages were selected because of their high STH prevalence (Couprie et al, 1986) which co-existed with Urinary schistosomiasis (Data on shistosomiasis are mentioned elsewhere) (Moyou et al, 1987;Ratard et al, 1991;Ndamukong et al, 2000Ndamukong et al, , 2001. These villages belong to the equatorial forest zone, Cameroon-type climate, with one long rainy season (March to November) and one short dry season (December to February).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of soil transmitted helminths and impact of Albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II villages (South-West Cameroon)

Lucia¹,

Njiokou²,

Wanji³

et al. 2010

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study assessed the actual prevalence of geohelminths and the impact of albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II. Stools samples were collected from 420 school children and examined using the Kato-katz faecal technique. Participants were treated with 600 mg of albendazole. Baseline prevalence of infections and mean parasite loads were 26.4% and 6226.9e/g (Ascaris lumbricoides), 31.0% and 252.4 e/g (Trichuris trichiura), and 1.4% and 468.0e/g (Necator americanus). Four children (0.9%) were infected with Strongyloides stercoralis. A significant difference of prevalence was observed between the two villages for A. lumbricoides (P = 0.0001) and T. trichiura (P = 0.0005), and parasite loads for T. trichiura (P = 0.0001). Single infection (T. trichiura or A. lumbricoides) and double infection (A. lumbricoides -T. trichiura) were more prevalent. Post treatment control showed a decrease of prevalence and mean parasite load to 24.4% and 2969.5e/g (A. lumbricoides), and 24.0% and 112.8e/g (T. trichiura), and 0.0% for N. americanus and S. stercoralis. Efficacy and egg reduction rates were 84.6% and 55.3% (T. trichiura), 82.0% and 52.2% (A. lumbricoides), and 100.0% for N. americanus and S. stercoralis. These results suggest that geohelminths infections remain a serious health problem in school children in Kotto Barombi focus.

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“…Especially lacking is information about perceptions of forest onchocerciasis in Africa 54 (1s) 54 (1s) s3 (15) s3 (15) sl (11) s0 (12) 47 (r3) 47 (e) 4s (e) 4s (10) 44 (e) 44 (8) 43 (8) 43 (8) 42 (8) 3e (s) 3e (4) 38 ( Health messages that indicate ivermectin prevents blindness and reduces skin problems would also be useful. Filariasis has both skin and ocular manifestations ( Figure I ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ivermectin Distribution and the Cultural Context of Forest Onchocerciasis in South Province, Cameroon

Hewlett

Kollo²,

Cline³

1996

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This investigation examined the cultural context of forest onchocerciasis in several communities in the Dja-Lobo Division of southern Cameroon. The study sought to elucidate behaviors that would enhance or diminish health status relative to forest onchocerciasis and other filarial infections, and to make culturally sensitive and appropriate recommendations regarding the development of health education materials and the long-term sustainability of the ivermectin distribution program in Dja-Lobo. The study consisted of two sequential components; the first was a qualitative study of a few severely affected villages and the second was a quantitative study of 2I2 randomly selected heads of households from eight villages. The Boulou and Baka peoples in these communities defined general filariasis (minak) as small worms under the skin, identified flies as important transmitters of the illness, and indicated that blindness and other skin and ocular problems were a consequence of the illness. Illness of the Dja (referring to an illness found near the Dja River) was another illness that was closely linked to onchocerciasis; local people indicated it was transmitted by the black flies found near the Dja River, resulting in severe itching and leopard skin. These and other cultural-behavioral data on filariasis were used to implement a health education and distribution program. The informants that identified flies as important vectors for filariasis were asked to specify which species of fly. Most The Baka in the qualitative village study were the first to suggest that leopard skin (ngangambo ) was not linked to filaria (bibili), but rather to illness of the Dja, and sometimes old age. The village study was almost finished when this was mentioned, but it was discussed with several Boulou and they concurred that a primary cause of leopard skin (menve) was illness of the Dja caused by living close to the Dja, getting bitten by black flies, scratching the bites, the bites getting infected and eventually healing. The white spots on the skin were perceived as scarification that takes place as the skin healed.Signs and consequences. Figure 1 summarizes knowledge of the signs and symptoms of filariasis. Virtually all respondents associated itching (eeyae) and a rash (mebib) with minak (filariasis) and more than 6OVo also recogmzed swelling of the skin and leopard skin (menve) as manifestations of filariasis. With respect to ocular manifestations, nearly all respondents said that swelling and redness of the eye, as well as diminished vision and blindness were consequences of filariasis. Also very important was that virtually all believed that a worm could migrate across the eye with filariasis.

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Ascariasis and trichuriasis in Cameroon

Cited by 51 publications

References 10 publications

A Cross-Sectional Study of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children in Ghettoed, Diverse and Affluent Communities in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

A Cross-Sectional Study of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children in Ghettoed, Diverse and Affluent Communities in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Prevalence of soil transmitted helminths and impact of Albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II villages (South-West Cameroon)

Ivermectin Distribution and the Cultural Context of Forest Onchocerciasis in South Province, Cameroon

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