Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaridia galli: Biogenic amines in adults and developmental stages

Mishra, S. K.; Sen, Ramanuj; Ghatak, S.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(84)90059-6

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…I t is also likely that biogenic amines and peptide molecules can serve as neurotransmitters and neurohormones in nematodes, as has been demonstrated for other invertebrates (Evans, 1980;Muneoka & Twarog, 1983;Joose & Geraerts, 1983;O'Shea & Schaffer, 1985). There is evidence for the occurrence of amine transmitters in some parasitic nematodes (Willett, 1980;Sharpe, Atkinson, Trett & Lee, 1980;Mishra, Sen & Ghatak, 1984;Frandsen & Bone, 1987) but there is little information regarding the occurrence and nature of nematode peptides (Kerboeuf & Dubois, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical demonstration of a neuropeptide in Ascaris suum (Nematoda) using an antiserum to FMR Famide

1988

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A FMRFamide-like peptide has been detected in the nematode Ascaris suum, using the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) immunocytochemical technique. Positive reactions were obtained in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system of the worm, the strongest reactions being in the anterior nerve ring, the cephalic papillary ganglia, the lateral ganglia and the dorso-rectal ganglion. Immunoreactivity was observed along the length of the main nerve cords of the worm and, to a lesser extent, in the pharyngeal nerve cords. The possible role of this neuropeptide in the physiology of the nematode is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical demonstration of a neuropeptide in Ascaris suum (Nematoda) using an antiserum to FMR Famide

1988

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“…lumbricoides and N . braziliensis [ 38 , 41 , 42 , 48 , 66 , 67 ] which showed the suppression of MAO activity by the action of varied number of inhibitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels of MAO and its associated substrate have been found to greatly affect important life functions such as growth promotion [ 39 ], reproduction and egg production [ 40 ]. Until now, MAO has been reported in parasitic helminths belonging to different classes, namely, Schistosoma mansoni [ 41 ], Hymenolepis diminuta [ 42 ], Ascaris lumbricoides [ 43 ] and some other helminth species [ 44 – 49 ] but an in-depth study involving multifrontal approaches in a particular parasite is still a void which is needed to be filled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Monoamine Oxidase-A in tropical liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica

et al. 2023

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Fasciola gigantica, responsible for the zoonotic disease fasciolosis, pose a great threat to the livestock and human health worldwide. The triclabendazole (TCBZ) has been used for decades as a broad spectrum anthelmintic to control this perilous disease but the emergence of resistance in flukes against TCBZ has prompted researchers across the world to explore for new drugs and antigenic targets. World Health Organization has strongly recommended the utilization of neurobiologically significant biomolecules as new drug/antigenic targets because of their significant role in the physiology of parasites. Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) is an important neurobiological enzyme which catabolizes aminergic neurotransmitters thus preventing prolonged excitation of neurons and in non-neuronal cells it prevents cellular toxicity due to accumulation of toxic monoamines. Owing to the important role of MAO in the survival and perpetuation of parasites, multipronged approaches were undertaken for the characterization of MAO-A in F. gigantica. The activity of MAO was found to be 1.5 times higher in the mitochondrial samples than the whole homogenate samples. The adult worms of the F. gigantica appeared to possess both the isoforms of MAO i.e., MAO-A and MAO-B. The zymographic studies revealed strong enzyme activity in its native state as assessed through prominent dark bands at 250KDa in the zymogram. The enzyme was also found to be highly immunogenic as revealed by high antibody titer at 1:6400 dilution. The immunogenicity of MAO-A enzyme was further established in the Western Blots in which a strong band of 50KDa was distinctly evident. Despite ubiquitous presence of MAO in F. gigantica some regions like tegumental surface and intestinal caecae displayed strong immunofluorescence as compared to other regions. The detection of MAO-A in the F. gigantica samples in Dot-Blot assay indicate a great potential of this molecule for the immunodiagnostics of fasciolosis, particularly in the field conditions. The enzyme activity was sensitive to the specific inhibitor clorgyline in a concentration dependant manner, particularly in the late incubation period. The zymographic results also exhibited similar trend. The strong intensity of spots in Dot-blots indicate high immunogenicity of the MAO protein. The intensity of bands/spots in the samples of worms treated with clorgyline also declined, clearly indicating that the tropical liver fluke possesses prominent MAO-A activity.

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“…The HPLC-EC system, however, allowed for the simultaneous measurement of several 15-HT metabolites. Mishra, Sen & Ghatak (1984) using a spectrophotofluorometer have reported 5-HT levels for Ascaris lumbricoides of 2-090 /Mg/g for body wall and 1-920 /*g/g for intestine in adult females and 0-325 /*g/g for body wall and 0-198 /*g/g for intestine from Ascaridia galli. These levels are higher than those observed here for A. suum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the absorption and synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine in perfused muscle and intestinal tissue and whole worms of adult Ascaris suum

1988

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The metabolites of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) namely, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and 5-hydroxytryptophol were measured in perfused tissue and whole worms from adult female Ascaris suum using reversed-phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The intracellular levels of each metabolite were quantitated in response to several physiological effectors but only L-tryptophan (TRP) caused dose-dependent changes in these metabolites. Serotonin itself could also be absorbed by perfused A. suum muscle and intestinal tissue. When live A. suum were tied at the anterior and posterior regions to restrict TRP absorption by the intestine, TRP was absorbed through the cuticle and converted into 5-HT by the muscle tissue. In united live parasites TRP absorption was observed in both muscle and intestinal tissue. Collectively, the data indicated that 5-HT may be either absorbed directly or synthesized de novo from absorbed TRP in the isolated tissue of A. suum. The 5-HT, in the adult female A. suum, can be synthesized de novo from TRP, or 5-HT can be absorbed from the environment both through the cuticle and by the intestine of living parasites. Data also indicated that there was preferential sequestering of 5-HT and the metabolites of 5-HT in the anterior tissues of the worms.

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Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaridia galli: Biogenic amines in adults and developmental stages

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Immunocytochemical demonstration of a neuropeptide in Ascaris suum (Nematoda) using an antiserum to FMR Famide

Immunocytochemical demonstration of a neuropeptide in Ascaris suum (Nematoda) using an antiserum to FMR Famide

Characterization of Monoamine Oxidase-A in tropical liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica

Evidence for the absorption and synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine in perfused muscle and intestinal tissue and whole worms of adult Ascaris suum

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