Ascending and descending projections from the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract originate from separate neuronal populations

Halsell, Christopher B.; Travers, Susan P.; Travers, Joseph B.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00528-5

Cited by 115 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…3.) It should be noted that the boundaries for the subdivision of NTS subnuclei shown in Figure 8 are similar to those shown by Halsell et al (1996); the exact boundaries may differ slightly from the boundary shown. (ϮSEM) terminal field volumes of the GSP, CT, and IX nerves and corresponding overlap in the NTS of rats fed the control diet (black bars), rats fed the sodium-restricted diet from E3 to E12 (white bars), and rats fed the sodium-restricted diet from E3 to P28 (gray bars) are shown.…”

Section: An Analysis Of Enlarged Terminal Fields As They Relate To Ntsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…3). Thus, sections used here to illustrate the diet-related effects were from the caudal "rostral" pole, which also contains the intermediate zone of the NTS (Halsell et al, 1996). Examination of sections rostral and caudal to the ones shown in Figure 8 emphasize the group-related differences best appreciated through horizontal sections (Fig.…”

Section: An Analysis Of Enlarged Terminal Fields As They Relate To Ntmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…f, l, r, Nissl-stained tissue illustrating the location of the NTS relative to other brainstem structures. Lines in e, f, k, l, q, and r demarcate the approximate boundaries of the subdivisions in the NTS as described by Halsell et al (1996). h, i, k, Note that the CT terminal field in rats fed the sodium-restricted diet from E3 to E12 invades inappropriate NTS subnuclei.…”

Section: Ganglion Cell Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive Reorganization of Primary Afferent Projections into the Gustatory Brainstem Induced by Feeding a Sodium-Restricted Diet during Development: Less Is More

Mangold¹,

Hill²

2007

J. Neurosci.

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Neural development is especially vulnerable to environmental influences during periods of neurogenesis and rapid maturation. In fact, short periods of environmental manipulations confined to embryonic development lead to significant changes in morphology and function. A guiding principal emerging from studies of sensory systems is that experimentally induced effects are most dramatic in higher neural levels (e.g., cortex) and primarily involve postnatal synaptic refinements. In contrast to other sensory systems, the gustatory system is particularly susceptible to the effects of deprivation much earlier and with profound changes evident in the brainstem. Here we show that feeding pregnant rats a custom diet featuring a low-sodium content for 9 d before the tongue appears in the fetus produces extensive restructuring of the gustatory brainstem. Rats born to mothers fed the custom diet from embryonic day 3 (E3) to E12 have terminal field volumes of the greater superficial petrosal, chorda tympani, and glossopharyngeal nerves at adulthood that are expanded as much as 10 times beyond that found in rats fed a standard rat chow. The widespread alterations are not attributable to increased numbers of nerve cells, increased target size, or obvious changes in peripheral taste function. Moreover, we show that the limited period of feeding the custom diet has much larger effects than if rats were fed the diet to postweaning ages. Our results suggest that early periods of altered experience, especially during nucleus of the solitary tract neurogenesis, leads to a restructuring of the gustatory brainstem, which in turn may impact the control of sensory and homeostatic processes.

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Section: An Analysis Of Enlarged Terminal Fields As They Relate To Ntsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: An Analysis Of Enlarged Terminal Fields As They Relate To Ntmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ganglion Cell Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extensive Reorganization of Primary Afferent Projections into the Gustatory Brainstem Induced by Feeding a Sodium-Restricted Diet during Development: Less Is More

Mangold¹,

Hill²

2007

J. Neurosci.

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“…In the rat, the 7th, 9th, and 10th cranial nerves terminate in partially overlapping but separate regions of the nucleus of the solitary tract (Hamilton and Norgren, 1984), and there is growing evidence that this relative segregation persists at more rostral levels of the central gustatory system (Halsell et al, 1996;Halsell and Travers, 1997). Such an anatomical organization might be expected to subserve functional differences between the peripheral nerves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Discrimination between Quinine and KCl Is Dependent on Input from the Seventh Cranial Nerve: Implications for the Functional Roles of the Gustatory Nerves in Rats

John

Spector

1998

J. Neurosci.

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The rat glossopharyngeal nerve (GL), which innervates posterior tongue taste buds, contains several physiologically defined taste fiber types; at least one type is primarily responsive to certain alkaloids (such as quinine), and another is primarily responsive to acids and salts. In contrast, the chorda tympani (CT), which innervates anterior tongue taste buds, does not appear to contain fibers that differentially respond to quinine relative to salts and acids. It was therefore predicted that GL transection should disrupt behavioral discriminations between quinine and either acids or salts. Water-restricted rats were trained to press one of two levers if a sampled taste stimulus was quinine (0.1-1.0 mM) and the second lever if the sampled stimulus was KCl (0.1-1.0 M). Sham surgery, GL transection, and sublingual and submaxillary salivary gland extirpation were found to have no effect relative to presurgical performance. Both CT transection and combined GL and CT transection caused a substantial and approximately equal decrement in discrimination performance. Removal of the gustatory branches of the seventh cranial nerve [CT and greater superficial petrosal (GSP)] nearly eliminated the discrimination of the taste stimuli, and combined transection of the CT, GL, and GSP unequivocally reduced performance to chance levels. Although these findings were not presaged by the known electrophysiology, they nonetheless compare favorably with other studies reporting little effect of GL transection on behavioral responses to quinine. These results, in the context of other discrimination studies reported in the literature, suggest that, in rats, the neural coding of taste quality depends primarily on the input of the facial nerve.

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“…The commissural NTS receives dense projections from gastrointestinal afferents (25,26), and these might be missing in lesioned rats. The NTS, and especially its more rostral areas, also receives gustatory primary afferents (26), and anterograde tracer studies have demonstrated that neurons within the rostral NTS project to the commissural NTS, to the parabrachial nucleus, and to the reticular formation (27,28). However, changes in taste do not explain reduced daily food intake coupled to overdrinking of sucrose solution by lesioned rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sodium appetite evoked by lesions of the commissural nucleus of the tractus solitarius

Ogihara

Schoorlemmer

Colombari

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Ablation of the area postrema/caudal nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) complex increases sodium intake, but the effect of selective lesions of the caudal NTS is not known. We measured depletion-induced sodium intake in rats with electrolytic lesions of the commissural NTS that spared the area postrema. One day after the lesion, rats were depleted of sodium with furosemide (10 mg/kg body weight, sc ) and then had access to water and a sodium-deficient diet for 24 h when 1.8% NaCl was offered. Water and saline intakes were measured for 2 h. Saline intake was higher in lesioned than in sham-lesioned rats (mean ± SEM: 20 ± 2 vs 11 ± 3 mL/2 h, P < 0.05, N = 6-7). Saline intake remained elevated in lesioned rats when the tests were repeated 6 and 14 days after the lesion, and water intake in these two tests was increased as well. Water intake seemed to be secondary to saline intake both in lesioned and in sham-lesioned rats. A second group of rats was offered 10% sucrose for 2 h/day before and 2, 7, and 15 days after lesion. Sucrose intake in lesioned rats was higher than in sham-lesioned rats only 7 days after lesioning. A possible explanation for the increased saline intake in rats with commissural NTS lesions could be a reduced gastrointestinal feedback inhibition. The commissural NTS is probably part of a pathway for inhibitory control of sodium intake that also involves the area postrema and the parabrachial nucleus.

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Ascending and descending projections from the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract originate from separate neuronal populations

Cited by 115 publications

References 40 publications

Extensive Reorganization of Primary Afferent Projections into the Gustatory Brainstem Induced by Feeding a Sodium-Restricted Diet during Development: Less Is More

Extensive Reorganization of Primary Afferent Projections into the Gustatory Brainstem Induced by Feeding a Sodium-Restricted Diet during Development: Less Is More

Behavioral Discrimination between Quinine and KCl Is Dependent on Input from the Seventh Cranial Nerve: Implications for the Functional Roles of the Gustatory Nerves in Rats

Changes in sodium appetite evoked by lesions of the commissural nucleus of the tractus solitarius

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