Ascorbic Acid: A Precursor of Oxalate in Crystal Idioblasts of<i>Yucca torreyi</i>in Liquid Root Culture

Horner, Harry T.; Kausch, Albert P.; Wagner, Bruce L.

doi:10.1086/317565

Cited by 62 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Phloem translocation of L-ascorbic acid thus appears to be crucial for its supply to sink organs. Ascorbic acid largely provides the substrate for oxalic acid biosynthesis in plants and is used for calcium oxalate formation (Horner et al, 2000). In this study, the concentration of endogenous ascorbic acid (14 mg 100 g -1 fresh weight) detected in E8.2-OXDC fruit, even after a 10% to 12% reduction, was within the normal range reported for ripe tomato fruits (Zhang et al, 2011;Cronje et al, 2012) and so is not expected to have any negative nutritional effect in the E8.2-OXDC fruit.…”

Section: Engineering Of Oxdc Balances Organic Acid By Affecting Carbosupporting

confidence: 72%

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Chakraborty

Ghosh

et al. 2013

Plant Physiology

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The plant metabolite oxalic acid is increasingly recognized as a food toxin with negative effects on human nutrition. Decarboxylative degradation of oxalic acid is catalyzed, in a substrate-specific reaction, by oxalate decarboxylase (OXDC), forming formic acid and carbon dioxide. Attempts to date to reduce oxalic acid levels and to understand the biological significance of OXDC in crop plants have met with little success. To investigate the role of OXDC and the metabolic consequences of oxalate down-regulation in a heterotrophic, oxalic acid-accumulating fruit, we generated transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants expressing an OXDC (FvOXDC) from the fungus Flammulina velutipes specifically in the fruit. These E8.2-OXDC fruit showed up to a 90% reduction in oxalate content, which correlated with concomitant increases in calcium, iron, and citrate. Expression of OXDC affected neither carbon dioxide assimilation rates nor resulted in any detectable morphological differences in the transgenic plants. Comparative proteomic analysis suggested that metabolic remodeling was associated with the decrease in oxalate content in transgenic fruit. Examination of the E8.2-OXDC fruit proteome revealed that OXDC-responsive proteins involved in metabolism and stress responses represented the most substantially up-and down-regulated categories, respectively, in the transgenic fruit, compared with those of wild-type plants. Collectively, our study provides insights into OXDC-regulated metabolic networks and may provide a widely applicable strategy for enhancing crop nutritional value.

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Section: Engineering Of Oxdc Balances Organic Acid By Affecting Carbosupporting

confidence: 72%

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Chakraborty

Ghosh

et al. 2013

Plant Physiology

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“…S3), suggesting the root as another possible source of the CaOx crystal carbon. As previously reported, roots not only contain CaOx crystals but they can also metabolize oxalate (Franceschi, 1989;Horner et al, 2000;Horner, 1984, 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Alarm Photosynthesis: Calcium Oxalate Crystals as an Internal CO₂ Source in Plants

et al. 2016

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Calcium oxalate crystals are widespread among animals and plants. In land plants, crystals often reach high amounts, up to 80% of dry biomass. They are formed within specific cells, and their accumulation constitutes a normal activity rather than a pathological symptom, as occurs in animals. Despite their ubiquity, our knowledge on the formation and the possible role(s) of these crystals remains limited. We show that the mesophyll crystals of pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) exhibit diurnal volume changes with a gradual decrease during daytime and a total recovery during the night. Moreover, stable carbon isotope composition indicated that crystals are of nonatmospheric origin. Stomatal closure (under drought conditions or exogenous application of abscisic acid) was accompanied by crystal decomposition and by increased activity of oxalate oxidase that converts oxalate into CO 2 . Similar results were also observed under drought stress in Dianthus chinensis, Pelargonium peltatum, and Portulacaria afra. Moreover, in A. hybridus, despite closed stomata, the leaf metabolic profiles combined with chlorophyll fluorescence measurements indicated active photosynthetic metabolism. In combination, calcium oxalate crystals in leaves can act as a biochemical reservoir that collects nonatmospheric carbon, mainly during the night. During the day, crystal degradation provides subsidiary carbon for photosynthetic assimilation, especially under drought conditions. This new photosynthetic path, with the suggested name "alarm photosynthesis," seems to provide a number of adaptive advantages, such as water economy, limitation of carbon losses to the atmosphere, and a lower risk of photoinhibition, roles that justify its vast presence in plants.

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“…The development of crystal idioblasts, including the structural changes of the idioblasts and the morphological development of the crystals, has been reported for many plant species (Horner and Wagner, 1995). In crystal idioblasts, morphologically unique plastids, termed crystalloplastids (Arnott, 1966), were observed in the roots of Vanilla planifolia (Mollenhauer and Larson, 1966;Kausch and Horner, 1983a), Monstera deliciosa (Mollenhauer and Larson, 1966) and Yucca torreyi (Arnott, 1966;Kausch and Horner, 1984;Horner et al, 2000), and in leaves of Typha angustifolia (Kausch and Horner, 1983b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result of the L-1-14 C ascorbic acid labeling (Horner et al, 2000) suggested that crystalloplastids in roots of Yucca may participate in some way in the conversion of the ascorbic acid to oxalate and in the transfer of oxalate to the cell vacuoles. Kausch and Horner (1983b) reported that the crystalloplastids may be involved in the formation of vacuolar mucilage surrounding the crystals in raphide crystal idioblasts in Typha.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Changes and Fate of Crystalloplastids during Growth of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Idioblasts in Japanese Yam (Dioscorea japonica Thunb.) Tubers

Kawasaki

Taniguchi

Miyake

2004

Plant Production Science

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Ascorbic Acid: A Precursor of Oxalate in Crystal Idioblasts ofYucca torreyiin Liquid Root Culture

Cited by 62 publications

References 35 publications

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Alarm Photosynthesis: Calcium Oxalate Crystals as an Internal CO₂ Source in Plants

Structural Changes and Fate of Crystalloplastids during Growth of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Idioblasts in Japanese Yam (Dioscorea japonica Thunb.) Tubers

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Ascorbic Acid: A Precursor of Oxalate in Crystal Idioblasts ofYucca torreyiin Liquid Root Culture

Cited by 62 publications

References 35 publications

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Reduction of Oxalate Levels in Tomato Fruit and Consequent Metabolic Remodeling Following Overexpression of a Fungal Oxalate Decarboxylase

Alarm Photosynthesis: Calcium Oxalate Crystals as an Internal CO2 Source in Plants

Structural Changes and Fate of Crystalloplastids during Growth of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Idioblasts in Japanese Yam (Dioscorea japonica Thunb.) Tubers

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Alarm Photosynthesis: Calcium Oxalate Crystals as an Internal CO₂ Source in Plants