Ascorbic Acid: An Old Player with a Broad Impact on Body Physiology Including Oxidative Stress Suppression and Immunomodulation: A Review

Abstract

Ascorbic acid is a low molecular weight antioxidant well known as anti-scorbut acting vitamin C in humans, primates and guinea pigs. This review summarizes basic data about ascorbic acid in its physiological action point of view. It is divided into biochemistry of ascorbic acid synthesis, mechanism of antioxidant action and participation in anabolism, pharmacokinetics and excretion, exogenous ascorbic acid immunomodulatory effect and participation in infectious diseases, impact on irradiation and intoxication pathogenesis, and supplementary demands. The primary intention was to consider ascorbic acid not only as an antioxidant but also as a chemical compound affecting multiple pathways with a potential beneficial impact in many diseases and processes in human body.

A Novel Formulation of Tigecycline Has Enhanced Stability and Sustained Antibacterial and Antileukemic Activity

“…Ascorbic acid is a water-soluble sugar acid reported to have both antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities under different environmental contexts [23]. As a reducing agent, ascorbic acid is more readily oxidized than tigecycline.…”

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“…Így lehetséges, hogy az aszkorbinsav a ROS eliminációján és a redukált glutation mennyiségének növelésén keresztül fokozza a limfociták DNS-szintézisét, ezáltal proliferációját. Hogy a fagocitasejteken kívül a limfocitáknak is szükségük van aszkorbinsavra, megerősíti az a tény is, hogy a limfocitákban az AA-koncentráció a plazmakoncentráció 4-szerese (11), és aktivált állapotban a megnövekedett mennyiségű GLUT-1 és GLUT-3 transzportereikkel dehidroaszkorbinsavat akkumulálnak (12). Az UFH és LMWH-k esetében az irodalmi adatok nem szolgálnak magyarázattal megfigyeléseinkre, mivel döntően antiinflamatorikus hatást írnak le mind in vitro, mind in vivo (13).…”

Amelioration ofEscherichia coli‐induced endometritis with ascorbic acid in non‐pregnant mouse models

“…AA has been previously reported to improve the immune function by boosting both humoral and cellmediated immune responses. 42 AA has been shown to influence the motility and chemotaxis of leucocytes 43 while providing cellular protection to leucocytes from oxidative self-damage without interfering with their function. 44 This is also supported by the report that AA accumulates in WBCs which may provide additional cell protection 45 while functioning to eradicate the infecting organism.…”