Ascorbic acid determination in serum and aqueous humour by high‐performance liquid chromatography

Johnsen, Harald; Ringvold, Amund; Blika, Sigmund

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1985.tb05211.x

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ascorbate (vitamin C) is abundant in the eye and present at much higher concentrations than in the plasma [39] . It is actively transported by the iris-ciliary body into the AH and serves as an antioxidant to protect the eye against light-induced free radical damage [40] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Staphylococcus aureus Endophthalmitis Implicate Specific Nutrients in Ocular Infection

et al. 2014

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PurposeTo define global transcriptional responses of Staphylococcus aureus and its codY mutant (CodY is a transcription regulator of virulence and metabolic genes in response to branched-chain amino acids) when growing in bovine aqueous (AH) and vitreous humor (VH) in vitro, and to investigate the impact of codY deletion on S. aureus virulence in a novel murine anterior chamber (AC) infection model.MethodsFor the in vitro model, differential transcriptomic gene expression of S. aureus and its codY mutant grown in chemically defined medium (CDM), AH, and VH was analyzed. Furthermore, the strains were inoculated into the AC of mice. Changes in bacterial growth, electroretinography and inflammation scores were monitored.ResultsBovine AH and VH provide sufficient nutrition for S. aureus growth in vitro. Transcriptome analysis identified 72 unique open reading frames differentially regulated ≥10-fold between CDM, AH, and VH. In the AC model, we found comparable growth of the codY mutant and wild type strains in vivo. Average inflammation scores and retinal function were significantly worse for codY mutant-infected eyes at 24 h post-infection.ConclusionOur in vitro bovine AH and VH models identified likely nutrient sources for S. aureus in the ocular milieu. The in vivo model suggests that control of branched-chain amino acid availability has therapeutic potential in limiting S. aureus endophthalmitis severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Staphylococcus aureus Endophthalmitis Implicate Specific Nutrients in Ocular Infection

et al. 2014

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“…Ascorbate was detected as UVR absorption at 254 nm using an UVR absorbance detector at the expected elution time, checking for the pattern of surrounding peaks in the chromatogram. UVR provides specific detection with high sensitivity for ascorbate in biological tissues (Johnsen et al. 1985; Hallström et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking water supplementation with ascorbate is not protective against UVR‐B‐induced cataract in the guinea pig

Mody

Kakar

Elfving

et al. 2008

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To study if ascorbate supplementation decreases ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced cataract development in the guinea pig. Methods: Sixty 6-9-week-old pigmented guinea pigs received drinking water supplemented with or without 5.5 mm L-ascorbate for 4 weeks. After supplementation, 40 animals were exposed unilaterally in vivo under anaesthesia to 80 kJ ⁄ m 2 UVR-B. One day later, the animals were killed and lenses were extracted. Degree of cataract was quantified by measurement of intensity of forward lens light scattering. Lens ascorbate concentration was determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UVR detection at 254 nm. Twenty animals were used as non-exposed control. Results: Supplementation increased lens ascorbate concentration significantly. In UVR-exposed animals, mean 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for animalaveraged lens ascorbate concentration (lmol ⁄ g wet weight lens) were 0.54 ± 0.07 (no ascorbate) and 0.83 ± 0.05 (5.5 mM ascorbate). In non-exposed control animals, mean 95% CIs for animal-averaged lens ascorbate concentration (lmol ⁄ g wet weight lens) were 0.72 ± 0.12 (0 mM ascorbate) and 0.90 ± 0.15 (5.5 mM ascorbate). All non-exposed lenses were devoid of cataract. Superficial anterior cataract developed in all UVR-exposed lenses. The lens light scattering was 39.2 ± 14.1 milli transformed equivalent diazepam concentration (m(tEDC)) without and 35.9 ± 14.0 m(tEDC) with ascorbate supplementation. Conclusion: Superficial anterior cataract develops in lenses exposed to UVR-B. Ascorbate supplementation is non-toxic to both UVR-B-exposed lenses and non-exposed control lenses. Ascorbate supplementation does not reduce in vivo lens forward light scattering secondary to UVR-B exposure in the guinea pig.

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Analysis of aqueous humour in uveitis by high performance liquid chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

et al. 1992

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Aqueous humour from patients with Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis (FHC) and other types of uveitis was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Using HPLC, the number of peaks and their respective elution times were similar for the FHC, uveitis and control groups. SDS-PAGE and silver staining showed immunoglobulin G migrating as two to four distinct bands in all non-reduced samples. In the reduced state, 1-5 unidentified low MW bands (10-19 kD) were seen. Two bands at 19 and 10 kD appeared to be specific for the uveitis group, and a band at 11 kD was present in 76% of uveitis and 19% of FHC patients. None of these three bands were detected in any of the control group. As yet the identity of these low MW proteins and their possible significance in the pathogenesis of intraocular inflammation are unknown.

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Ascorbic acid determination in serum and aqueous humour by high‐performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Staphylococcus aureus Endophthalmitis Implicate Specific Nutrients in Ocular Infection

In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Staphylococcus aureus Endophthalmitis Implicate Specific Nutrients in Ocular Infection

Drinking water supplementation with ascorbate is not protective against UVR‐B‐induced cataract in the guinea pig

Analysis of aqueous humour in uveitis by high performance liquid chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

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