Ascorbic acid status of mullet, <i>Mugil cephalus</i> Linn., exposed to cadmium

Thomas, P. John; Bally, Marcel B.; Neff, Jerry M.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1982.tb03919.x

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…It was also shown to be rapidly depleted in fish subjected to sublethal levels of organic and inorganic substances (Heath 1995), which was also found in this study after low-dose endosulfan exposure. Thomas et al (1982) reported a 50 % drop in ascorbate levels in hepatic tissue after 6 h of cadmium exposure, and continued exposure resulted in more or less steady depletion. This indicates that ascorbate might have been used up for detoxification processes or for preventing peroxidation of cells (Winston and Diguilo 1991) in endosulphan-exposed fishes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Muthappa

Gupta

Yengkokpam

et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of different lipotropes in modulating immunity and biochemical plasticity under conditions of sublethal low-dose pesticide-induced stress in fish. Labeo rohita fish fingerlings were divided in two sets with one set of fish continuously exposed to low-dose endosulfan (1/10th of 96-h LC 50 ) for 21 days, the other was unexposed, and both sets of fish were fed with practical diets supplemented with either 2 % lecithin, 0.5 % betaine, or 0.1 % choline and compared against unsupplemented diet. Low-dose endosulfan exposure had adverse effects (P<0.05/P<0.01) on hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit), serum protein (total protein, albumin, and globulin) and lipid profile (cholesterol and triglyceride), anti-oxidative status (ascorbic acid content of muscle, liver, brain, and kidney and activity of anti-oxidative enzymes: catalase and superoxide dismutase), neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle and brain), immunological attributes (WBC count, albumin to globulin ratio, phagocytic activity, and serum cortisol), and metabolic plasticity as revealed from enzyme activities (muscle lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase-G6PDH activity). Dietary lipotropes prevented these effects completely or partially and the effects were lipotrope dependent. Kinetics (maximum velocity value V max , catalytic efficiency and Michaelis constant K m ) of G6PDH enzyme from crude extracts of liver and kidney indicated inhibition due to endosulfan but lipotropes could protect enzyme and showed a stabilizing effect. The supplements also helped maintain integrity of histoarchitecture of the hepatocytes in endosulfan-exposed fish to a great extent. Feeding lipotropes to fish reared in endosulfan-free water also improved hematological and serum protein and lipid profiles and were immunostimulatory. In conclusion, dietary lipotropes, especially betaine and lecithin at the levels used, improve erythropoiesis, serum protein and lipid profile, anti-oxidant status, immunocompetence, neurotransmission, and protect the livers of L. rohita fingerlings even when continuously exposed to low-dose endosulfan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Muthappa

Gupta

Yengkokpam

et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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“…The levels of ascorbic acid in fish have been discussed in the context of nutritional conditions and are concerned with vitamin C deficiency (Halver et al 1975), an adverse effect due to exposure to toxicants (Mayer et al 1978, Thomas et al 1982, Yamamoto & Inoue 1985 or in relation to physiological stress (Wedemeyer 1969). However, there are no published records how harsh environmental conditions and scarcity of food may affect ascorbic acid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ascorbic acid status in high-mountain charr, Salvelinus alpinus, in relation to the reproductive cycle

Dąbrowski

1991

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisConcentrations of total and dehydroascorbic acids and of glutathione were determined in tissues of male and female Arctic charr at different stages of the reproductive cycle. In fish inhabiting an Alpine lake (2344 m above sea level) the ascorbic acid concentrations were significantly higher in the ovary (344 rug g-' in August) than in the testis (62.6 pg g-i). The ascorbate concentration was significantly higher in liver and kidney of males than in females in the period prior to spawning. This suggests that there was an intensive investment of body ascorbate reserves in the ovary and the results indicated that females deposited approximately 10 times the amount of vitamin C in ovaries than males deposited in testes. However, the endogenous stores cannot account for all ascorbate deposited in ovaries and the remainder must come from food consumed in summer. Since the resident charr of the high-mountain lake had the ascorbate concentration in ovary by one order of magnitude higher than in cultured salmonids it is plausible to speculate that the change in ascorbic acid metabolism reflects the adaptation to the harsh environmental conditions.

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“…Our results of crystallized ascorbic acid concentration in AA and AAL diets were similar to the results obtained by Marchetti and Tossani (1999) and Volker and Fenster (1994) who concluded that the loss of crystalline ascorbic acid in pelleted feed during 12 weeks of storage was 44% and 54%, respectively. Ascorbic acid liver content is usually considered an indicator of the vitamin C status (Gabaudan et al, 1991;Sandnes and Waagbø, 1991;White et al, 1993) and has been described as a physiological indicator of stress (Wedemeyer and Yasutake 1977;Wedemeyer and McLeay, 1981;Thomas et al, 1982;Thomas, 1990). Also, because of the role that vitamin C apparently plays in the synthesis of corticosteroids (Sauberlich, 1984), feeding high levels of vitamin C has been proposed as beneficial in reducing the effects of physiological stress in fish (Jaffa, 1989;Hardie et al, 1991) and chickens (Brake et al, 1992;Pardue and Williams, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Vitamin C and Soybean Lecithin in the Nutrition of Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus NebulosusL.) Fingerlings

Aničić

Treer

Matulić

et al. 2013

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The effects of different forms of vitamin C and soybean lecithin on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus, Lesuer 1819) were evaluated during a 9-week growth trial. A special interest was to investigate a possible combine effect of these nutritional components. The diets used contained three forms of vitamin C (crystallized ascorbic acid, encapsulated L-ascorbic acid and Ca-L-threonate) (100 mg/kg) with and without the combination of soybean lecithin. Besides control diet (K), one more diet was supplemented with soybean lecithin (L) only. One-hundred-ninety-two brown bullhead of about 45 g initial body weight was randomly divided in 24 tanks (115 L each). Testing conditions included 8 fish per tank, with triplicate tanks for treatment. All diets with supplemented components had higher final weight. Specific growth rate, feed conversion rate and condition factor were significantly higher with encapsulated vitamin C diets (CC, CCL), followed by the results of enriched ascorbic acid diets. Vitamin C and lecithin supplementation showed positive influence on significantly higher number of erythrocytes, haematocrit, triglycerides and total protein. Vitamin C content of muscle and liver tissue was not uniform and was significantly higher in AAL, CCL, CC and AA feeding groups. The fatty acids profile of muscle and liver tissue showed that phospholipids from soybean lecithin and vitamin C diets enhanced the quality of usable part of the fish body. Combine supplementation of vitamin C and soy lecithin indicated positive production effects, but did not cause a statistically significant difference.

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Ascorbic acid status of mullet, Mugil cephalus Linn., exposed to cadmium

Cited by 50 publications

References 76 publications

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Ascorbic acid status in high-mountain charr, Salvelinus alpinus, in relation to the reproductive cycle

Effects of Dietary Vitamin C and Soybean Lecithin in the Nutrition of Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus NebulosusL.) Fingerlings

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