Ascospore germination and appressorium formation in vitro of some species of the Rhytismataceae

Effects of Irrigation, Fertilization and Drought on the Occurrence of Lophodermium piceae in Picea abies Needles

“…However, a study in northern Germany indicates that spore dispersal lasts only a couple of months and has finished by the end of July (Osorio & Stephan 1991); it is therefore unlikely that there would have been large numbers of spores released after the August sampling. However, even if spore germination and formation of appressoria takes place within 48 h (Osorio & Stephan 1989), penetration may take several weeks, as indicated by studies of other Lophodermium species on Scots pine (Diwani & Millar 1986); the autumn increase may, therefore, have been due to late penetration and colonization.…”

Three ascomycetes on leaves of evergreen Ilex trees from Japan: Rhytisma ilicis-integrae sp. nov., R. ilicis-latifoliae, and R. ilicis-pedunculosae sp. nov

“…Appressoria of R. ilicis-integrae, R. ilicis-latifoliae, and R. ilicispedunculosae were 6-14.5 × 6-9.5 μm, 4.5-10 × 4.5-6.5 μm, and 4.5-7.5 × 4.5-7 μm, respectively . Osorio and Stephan (1989) reported that the morphology of the appressorium is unique for each species of the family Rhytismataceae and stated possibilities for use as additional taxonomic characteristics. My observation suggests that R. ilicis-latifoliae can be distinguished from R. ilicis-integrae and R. ilicis-pedunculosae by shorter connecting hyphae and that R. ilicis-integrae can be distinguished from R. ilicis-latifoliae and R. ilicis-pedunculosae by larger appressoria.…”

Morphological studies of Lophodermium piceae (Fuckel) v. Höhnel on Norway spruce needles

“…The life cycle of the fungus is accomplished when the needle is dying due to natural senescence or stress by effects of e. g. drougbt, insect damage, air pollution, etc. (BUTIN 1989;OSORIO 1989;OSORIO and STEPHAN 1991). The fungus bas been known scientifically for about 200 years (OSORIO and STEPHAN 1990).…”

“…(BUTIN 1989;OSORIO 1989;OSORIO and STEPHAN 1991). The fungus bas been known scientifically for about 200 years (OSORIO and STEPHAN 1990). Nevertheless, taxonomy and nomenclature have still open questions, and information on morphological and physiological characters is confusing.…”

“…Therefore, L. piceae could represent a complex of different species in Norway spruce needles, as reported for the pine needle inhabiting complex of L. pinastri and related species (MINTER et al 1978;MINTER 1981). In connection witb detailed studies on the biology of E. piceae (OSORIO 1989), the morphology of both the teleomorphous and the anamorphous stages and their variability also was investigated thoroughly in a large number of samples. Results of studies on the life cycle and the development of fruiting bodies are reported elsewhere (OSORIO and STEPHAN 1991).…”