Ash Content of Detergent Fibers in Feeds, Digesta, and Feces and Its Relevance in Fiber Digestibility Calculations

Crocker, L.M.; DePeters, E.J.; Fadel, James G.; Essex, S.E.; Perez-Monti, H.; Taylor, S.J.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(98)75662-0

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This was unexpected particularly because fecal ADF output was likely overestimated, being not corrected for ash. Crocker et al (1998) reported that the total-tract digestibilities of ash-free NDF were greater than that of NDF (inclusive of ash) in 2 experiments using lactating dairy cows, with same responses observed for digestibilities of ash-free ADF versus ADF (inclusive of ash). Thus, if the fecal output of ADF from the current study would have been corrected for ash, the difference between ADF and aNDFom digestibility could be even larger than 13 percentage units.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Thus, it appears that differences were exacerbated when aNDFom rather than NDF was used despite the reasons behind these discrepancies remain to be elucidated. Crocker et al (1998) concluded that the use of ash-free NDF and ADF resulted in more realistic and accurate digestibility estimates of fiber in the rumen and total tract. They also concluded that sample contamination by silica and other ash components may influence NDF and ADF concentrations if the fiber residues are not ashed before calculations of NDF and ADF digestibility (Crocker et al, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crocker et al (1998) concluded that the use of ash-free NDF and ADF resulted in more realistic and accurate digestibility estimates of fiber in the rumen and total tract. They also concluded that sample contamination by silica and other ash components may influence NDF and ADF concentrations if the fiber residues are not ashed before calculations of NDF and ADF digestibility (Crocker et al, 1998). Alternatively, it can be speculated that increased ADF versus NDF digestibility in the total tract may be caused by greater cellulose than hemicellulose digestibility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production, milk and plasma fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in Jersey cows fed flaxseed oil and corn grain with different particle size

Brossillon

Reis

Moura

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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We aimed to compare the effects of ground (GC) or cracked corn (CC), with or without flaxseed oil (FSO), on milk yield, milk and plasma fatty acid (FA) profile, and nutrient digestibility in Jersey cows fed diets formulated to contain similar starch concentrations. Twelve multiparous organic-certified Jersey cows averaging (mean ± standard deviation) 455 ± 41.9 kg of body weight and 152 ± 34 d in milk and 4 primiparous organic-certified Jersey cows averaging (mean ± standard deviation) 356 ± 2.41 kg of body weight and 174 ± 30 d in milk in the beginning of the experiment were used. Cows were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each period lasted 24 d with 18 d for diet adaptation and 6 d for data and sample collection. Treatments were fed as total mixed rations consisting of (dry matter basis): (1) 0% FSO + 27.1% GC, (2) 0% FSO + 28.3% CC, (3) 3% FSO + 27.1% GC, and (4) 3% FSO + 28.3% CC. All cows were offered 55% of the total diet dry matter as mixed grass-legume baleage and treatments averaged 20% starch. Significant FSO × corn grain particle size interactions were observed for some variables including milk concentration of lactose and proportions of cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 18:3 in milk and plasma. The proportion of cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 18:3 in milk and plasma decreased slightly when comparing GC versus CC in 0% FSO cows, but a larger reduction was observed in 3% FSO cows. Dry matter intake did not differ and averaged 16.1 kg/d across diets. Feeding 3% FSO increased yields of milk and milk fat and lactose and feed and milk N efficiencies, but decreased fat, true protein, and MUN concentrations and apparent total-tract digestibility of fiber. The Σ branched-chain, Σ<16C, Σ16C, and Σn-6 FA decreased, whereas Σ18C, Σcis-18:1, and Σtrans-18:1 FA increased in 3% versus 0% FSO cows. No effect of corn particle size was observed for production and milk components. However, the apparent total-tract digestibility of starch was greater in GC than CC cows. Compared with CC, GC increased Σ branched-chain, Σ<16C, Σ16C, Σn-6 FA, and decreased Σ18C and Σ cis-18:1 FA in milk fat. Overall, results of this study are more directly applicable to dairy cows fed low starch, mixed grass-legume baleage-based diets.

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confidence: 62%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Production, milk and plasma fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in Jersey cows fed flaxseed oil and corn grain with different particle size

Brossillon

Reis

Moura

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…We estimated cellulose content by subtracting the lignin content from the acid‐detergent fibre content (Vansoest et al., 1991). This portion of acid‐detergent fibre typically also includes a minor mineral component, made up primarily of silica (Crocker et al., 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traits link drought resistance with herbivore defence and plant economics in semi‐arid grasslands: The central roles of phenology and leaf dry matter content

Blumenthal¹,

Mueller

Kray³

et al. 2020

Journal of Ecology

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1. Despite progress in trait-based ecology, there is limited understanding of the plant traits that structure semi-arid grasslands. In particular, it remains unclear how traits that enable plants to cope with water limitation are related to traits that influence other key functions such as herbivore defence and growth. The hypothesis that drought and herbivory exert convergent selection pressures is supported for morphological traits, but largely untested for structural, physiological and phenological traits. Drought and economic traits can also covary, but where and to what degree remains uncertain. 2. Here we address these uncertainties in semi-arid shortgrass steppe and mixedgrass prairie, the largest remaining grasslands in North America. Using a broad selection of traits for 37 of the most common plant species in each ecosystem, we ask whether traits that confer drought tolerance, avoidance and escape covary with herbivore resistance traits and economic traits. 3. Results reveal that both drought tolerance and escape are coordinated with other functions, but in opposite fashion. Drought-tolerant species (low leaf osmotic potential and high leaf dry matter content, LDMC) were also herbivore resistant (high leaf toughness and cellulose) and at the 'slow' end of the economic spectrum (low leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus and high stem density). Conversely, drought escape via early senescence was associated with lower drought tolerance, lower herbivore resistance and 'fast' economic traits. Drought avoidance, as indicated by thick leaves, may also be associated with lower drought tolerance (LDMC). Senescence date and LDMC appear to be key traits in these semi-arid grasslands, differentiating species along multiple axes of function. 4. Synthesis. Covariation between drought, herbivory and economic traits means that, of the many potential trait combinations, few actually exist within these grasslands. Consequently, changes in land management and climate should have predictable effects on drought resistance, forage quality and productivity in the western Great Plains.

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“…The negative NDF digestion postruminally is possible; however, it is probably an artifact of the assay. Crocker et al (1998) minal NDF digestibility was significantly lower (P < 0.007), and apparent postruminal NDF digestibility was significantly greater (P < 0.0004) for cows fed diets containing hybrid Quanta compared to cows fed diets containing hybrid 3845 in experiment 2 (Table 6).…”

Section: Intake and Digestionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Corn Silage Management II: Effects of Hybrid, Maturity, and Mechanical Processing on Digestion and Energy Content

Johnson

Harrison

Davidson

et al. 2002

Journal of Dairy Science

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of maturity and mechanical processing of two hybrids of whole plant corn on starch, fiber, and ether extract digestibilities and energy content of the total mixed ration fed to lactating Holstein cows. In the first experiment, Pioneer hybrid 3845 whole plant corn was harvested at hard dough, one-third milkline, and two-thirds milkline with a theoretical length of cut of 6.4 mm. At each stage of maturity, corn was harvested with and without mechanical processing. In the second experiment, Pioneer hybrids 3845 and Quanta were harvested at one-third milkline, two-thirds milkline, and blackline stages of maturity with and without mechanical processing. The theoretical length of cut was 12.7 mm. The measured TDN and NEL concentrations were lower for diets containing processed corn silage in experiment 1 and greater for diets containing processed corn silage in experiment 2, compared with diets containing unprocessed corn silage. The lower energy content for diets containing processed corn silage in experiment 1 can be explained by the lower total tract NDF, ether extract, and CP digestibilities. The greater energy content for diets containing processed corn silage in experiment 2 can be attributed to greater total tract starch and NDF digestibilities for cows fed processed corn silage diets. In experiment 2, diets containing processed corn silage (1.59 Mcal/kg) had approximately 2.6% more energy available per kilogram of DM consumed compared with diets containing unprocessed corn silage (1.55 Mcal/kg). For hybrid Quanta in experiment 2, the TDN and NEL concentrations of diets containing corn silage harvested at two-thirds ML were greater than at other maturities.

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Ash Content of Detergent Fibers in Feeds, Digesta, and Feces and Its Relevance in Fiber Digestibility Calculations

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Production, milk and plasma fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in Jersey cows fed flaxseed oil and corn grain with different particle size

Production, milk and plasma fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in Jersey cows fed flaxseed oil and corn grain with different particle size

Traits link drought resistance with herbivore defence and plant economics in semi‐arid grasslands: The central roles of phenology and leaf dry matter content

Corn Silage Management II: Effects of Hybrid, Maturity, and Mechanical Processing on Digestion and Energy Content

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