Ashy dermatosis-like pigmentation due to ethambutol

Srivastava, Neeraj; Solanki, Lakhan Singh; Chand, Satish; Garbyal, Rajendra Singh; Singh, Sanjay

doi:10.4103/0378-6323.41393

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Tinea cruris variant was observed in 18.23% of cases. In this study, tinea unguium was seen in 4.7% of cases, which is analogous to the studies by Singh and Beena (1.9%) [11] and Karmakar et al (2.8%) [22]. However, Bindu et al reported about 13.3% of cases in their study [9].…”

Section: Cosupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Over the years from 2018 to 2022, among the cases presenting with dermatophytosis, males have always outnumbered females with a ratio of 1.5:1, which was comparable to studies by Amin and Shah [10] and Singh and Beena [11] but contrasting from the study by Belurkar et al [12]. The increased prevalence of dermatophytosis in males may be due to the occupational work outdoors, which may lead to an increased risk of exposure to infections and hot-humid climatic conditions facilitating the growth of dermatophytes.…”

Section: Cosupporting

confidence: 85%

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Current Status of Dermatophytosis: A Hospital-Based Study in Northern Odisha, India

Dalei,

Nayak,

Bhue

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction Dermatophytosis is a superficial mycosis that affects the keratinized structures of skin, hair, and nails. In recent years, there has been a marked rise in superficial fungal infections in several parts of our country. Most of the cases are presented with chronic, recurrent, and resistant infections. There are no comprehensive data on the status of cases in our area. Currently, we have noticed a gradual decline in the number of cases in our day-to-day outpatient department compared to previous years. Therefore, the current retrospective study was conducted to assess the actual status and clinico-demographic trends of dermatophytosis among patients who visited the tertiary care hospital. Methods The current study is a retrospective study of 78,028 patients of dermatophytosis who reported to the tertiary care hospital. Data like demographic details, clinical examination findings, and laboratory investigation reports of patients were extracted from available records year-wise from 2018 to 2022. Results There was an initial rise of dermatophytosis until 2019 and, thereafter, a downward trend. Males (60.04%) outnumbered females (39.94%) with a proportion of 1.5:1. Most common age group belongs to 21-30 years (28.64%), of which a majority (53.07%) of patients had a disease duration of more than three months. The majority of patients (51.1%) belong to rural backgrounds, but there was urban predominance following the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The most common organism isolated from culture was Trichophyton mentagrophytes (61.98%) in the initial phases (2018 and 2019) and T. rubrum (31.67%) in the later phases (2020-2022). In the current study, a family history of dermatophytosis was present in 27% of cases. Tinea corporis was the most common (34.34%) clinical variant with atopic diathesis as a major co-morbidity (9.94%). Conclusion The findings of this study showed an initial increasing trend until 2019 and, thereafter, a downward trend. Therefore, similar types of studies may be carried out in different parts of the country to assess the actual status and, hence, a better and more efficient management of the disease.

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Section: Cosupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Cosupporting

confidence: 85%

Current Status of Dermatophytosis: A Hospital-Based Study in Northern Odisha, India

Dalei,

Nayak,

Bhue

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…This can be explained by the high male fraction in the sample size, as tinea cruris is more prevalent in men than in women. 23 The number of chronic infections (44/64) follows the national trend of rising dermatophytosis prevalence over the previous 4-5 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the pathogenesis of dermatophytosis: A cross‐sectional analytic study of serum levels of interleukins‐2, 8, 10 and 17

Dev

Bansal

Bhargava

2023

Mycoses

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BackgroundGiven the current epidemic‐like scenario of dermatophyte infections, it is prudent to revisit the immunopathogenesis of dermatophytosis. Comprehending the intricate interactions among interleukins can aid in understanding the recent trends in infection. There is a paucity of literature on the various cytokine levels observed in the serum of patients suffering from various dermatophytoses.AimTo study serum cytokine levels of interleukins 2, 8, 10 and 17 in patients with dermatophytosis.MethodsA cross‐sectional analytic study was conducted on 64 cases of clinical dermatophyte infections (KOH confirmed) and 64 controls. The clinico‐epidemiological profile of the cases was studied. By using a solid phase sandwich ELISA (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay), the serum levels of interleukins 2, 8, 10 and 17 were measured and compared between cases and controls. Serum interleukin‐2, 8, 10 and 17 levels were studied among cases based on mode of onset, duration of illness, treatment history, site of infection and multiple other morphological characteristics of the infection.ResultsThe cases had statistically higher levels of interleukins‐8, 10 and 17 in comparison with controls. The levels of interleukin‐8 were significantly lower (p < .05) among those who had received oral antifungals. In cases where the lesion had scaling, the serum levels of interleukin‐10 were significantly higher (p < .05). The lesional hyperpigmentation was significantly (p < .05) associated with low levels of interleukin‐17. Also, interleukin‐17 was significantly (p < .05) elevated in patients with lesions in the abdomen.ConclusionIt is the first time that serum interleukin levels are studied in dermatophytosis. There is an immunological dysfunction specific to dermatophytoses initiated by their infection. Key factor in this dysfunction is the elevation of IL‐10, contributing to persistent infection. In turn, causing an increase in IL‐17, promoting inflammation and tissue damage. This cycle of elevated IL‐10 and IL‐17 can further exacerbate the infection and lead to chronicity. The activity of IL‐2 and the Th1 immune pathway is reduced by two opposing immune pathways: the Th17 and Th2 axes.

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“…4 Dermatophytosis refers to acute to moderate and chronic lesions of the keratinized tissues' outer layers caused by dermatophytes, 5 encompassing Tinea barbae, T. faciei, T. incognito, T. capitis, T. corporis, T. cruris, T. manuum, T. pedis and T. unguium. 6,7 Many studies on the clinico-epidemiological aspects of dermatophytosis have been performed across India, especially in Madhya Pradesh, 8 Chandigarh, 9 Andhra Pradesh, 10 Chennai, 11 West Bengal, 12 Gujarat, 13 Karnataka, 14 and Himachal Pradesh. 15 In addition to the often-used topical anti-fungal drugs, oral medications may be recommended for patients with severe disease, failed topical therapy, or those who are immunocompromised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeopathic Medicines in the Management of Dermatophytosis (Tinea Infections): A Clinico-epidemiological Study with Pre–post Comparison Design

Dixit,

Javed,

Srivastava

et al. 2023

Homeopathy

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Background Dermatophytosis is a common fungal infection of the skin and nails. Insufficient data exist regarding the clinico-epidemiological profile of dermatophytosis and the usefulness of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) for patients visiting a homeopathy outpatient department (OPD). Objectives This article undertakes a clinico-epidemiological profiling of dermatophytosis and the usefulness of IHMs in its management. Methods This open-label, pre–post, comparative observational study was conducted in a homeopathy OPD from November 2018 to February 2020. IHMs were prescribed based on symptom totality and repertorization. A numeric rating scale (NRS) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) patient questionnaires were used, and results were analyzed using SPSS-IBM version 20. Results Data from a total of 103 patients, mean age 29.65 ± 15.40 years, were analyzed. Tinea cruris was the most common infection (29.1%), followed by tinea corporis (13.6%). After 3 months of treatment, significant reductions in NRS and DLQI scores were observed (8.51 ± 1.24 to 0.59 ± 0.83, p < 0.001, and 16.28 ± 5.30 to 1.44 ± 1.56, p < 0.001, respectively), with Sepia (15.5%), Sulphur (14.6%), Calcarea carbonica (11.7%), Natrum muriaticum (9.7%) and Bacillinum (8.7%) being the most frequently prescribed medicines. There was no significant correlation between occupation, sex, home location or marital status and the clinical types of dermatophytosis. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion T. cruris and T. corporis were prevalent dermatophytic infections. The decrease in NRS and DLQI scores associated with homeopathy indicates its usefulness as an integrative treatment option for dermatophytosis. Further research in larger and more diverse population samples is needed.

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Ashy dermatosis-like pigmentation due to ethambutol

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Current Status of Dermatophytosis: A Hospital-Based Study in Northern Odisha, India

Current Status of Dermatophytosis: A Hospital-Based Study in Northern Odisha, India

Revisiting the pathogenesis of dermatophytosis: A cross‐sectional analytic study of serum levels of interleukins‐2, 8, 10 and 17

Homeopathic Medicines in the Management of Dermatophytosis (Tinea Infections): A Clinico-epidemiological Study with Pre–post Comparison Design

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