Asian capitalism, primitive accumulation, and the new enclosures in Uganda

Olanya, David Ross

doi:10.1080/14725843.2013.868672

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The Crown Act of 1962, for example, converted Crown land into public land, with leaseholds able to be granted for 99 years (Olanya 2014). Meanwhile, the 1962 Public Land Act and the 1969 Public Lands Act enabled farmers to deforest unoccupied lands for agricultural purposes, and without prior consent from the government (Mugambwe 2007; Petracco and Pender 2009).…”

Section: Findings #1: Privatising Public Lands and Violent Land Evictmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While this agreement enabled 'waste and uncultivated land' to be allocated -either for lease or sale -to non-Africans, by 1950, less than 300 square miles was alienated to non-Africans. Despite increasing demands from foreign interests, a number of laws were introduced to constrain the foreign acquisition of land, demonstrating the colonial government's resistance to foreign land speculation (Olanya 2014).…”

Section: Findings #1: Privatising Public Lands and Violent Land Evictmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon markets and the new ‘Carbon Violence’: A Ugandan study

Lyons

Westoby

2014

International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-,

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This article examines the expansion of the global carbon economy, including a critical evaluation of its local level impacts. The authors describe the growing international support for carbon markets amongst governments, international institutions and financial investors as a response to human-induced climate change. By putting a price on carbon, proponents argue that carbon markets represent a winwin-win scenario; delivering benefits to local landholders where ecosystem services occur, as well as conferring benefits to investors and the environment. Plantation forestry represents a rapidly expanding sector in the broader carbon economy, with plantations representing one of a number of 'flex crops' able to be variously sold on the basis of their value as fuel, timber and carbon storage. To examine the impacts of expanding plantation forestry carbon markets, we take the case of Green Resources, reportedly the largest plantation forestry operator on the African continent. Drawing from in-depth research in 2012-2013 with affected communities in Uganda, the article examines the diverse historical and contemporary structural violence on which expansion of plantation forestry allegedly relies. Building upon earlier literature on violence (for example, Galtung [1990] and Watts [2001]), the authors introduce a new term 'carbon violence' to frame the distinctive forms of reported violence occurring alongside the burgeoning plantation forestry industry. 78Kristen Lyons and Peter Westoby

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Section: Findings #1: Privatising Public Lands and Violent Land Evictmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Findings #1: Privatising Public Lands and Violent Land Evictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon markets and the new ‘Carbon Violence’: A Ugandan study

Lyons

Westoby

2014

International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-,

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“…It was the crash of cotton prices in the 1920s that first led some of the major Asian capitalist family enterprises to diversify into sugarcane cultivation. In 1929, Muljibhai Madhvani was granted permission to establish what is today the largest sugar factory in the country at Kakira in Busoga in the eastern part of the country (Ahluwalia, 1995, p. 35; Olanya, 2014, p. 83). In 1932, Kakira Sugar Works Ltd (KSW) was established, controlling almost 8,000 acres of leasehold land (Ahluwalia, 1995, p. 77).…”

Section: Sugarification and Agricultural Modernization In Ugandamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the 1972 expulsion of Uganda Asians and the ensuing expropriation of major Asian corporate enterprises, including Madhvani, the outgrowers scheme was abandoned and marketing and processing infrastructures deteriorated (Sorensen, 1996). Obote's return in 1979 led Madhvani and others to be invited to return and repossess expropriated properties (Olanya, 2014). With the help of the state, Madhvani borrowed money from the World Bank and African Development Bank and began rehabilitating the sugar plantations.…”

Section: Sugarification and Agricultural Modernization In Ugandamentioning

confidence: 99%

The fragmented politics of sugarcane contract farming in Uganda

Martiniello

Owor²,

Bahati

et al. 2021

Journal of Agrarian Change

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“…Rising inflationary pressures, exasperated by the 1973 oil shock, and worsening terms of trade, ended up complicating the prospects of peasants' engagement in cash crops production, a phenomenon which pushed them to commercialize food crops (such as rice, cassava, maize and millet), traditionally the domain of women's duties and responsibilities (Sorensen, 1996, p. 615). After Amin was deposed in 1979 by Obote, Madhvani and Metha families returned to the country, retaking possession of expropriated properties and rehabilitating ruined sugar plants with the assistance of the World Bank (Olanya, 2014).…”

Section: Sugarcane Cultivation and Contract Farming In Busoga In Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter sugarification: sugar frontier and contract farming in Uganda

Martiniello

2020

Globalizations

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Contract farming schemes have recently been portrayed by global development agencies as an alternative to 'land grabs', promoting processes of inclusive development through the integration of smallholders within global agro-industrial production complexes. The paper takes issue with such argument, using the case-study of contract farming scheme at Kakira Sugar Works in Uganda as empirical terrain for this investigation. It argues that despite contract farming schemes at first sight appear not to generate dispossession or displacement, they lead to forms of expulsion and/or marginalization of poor smallholders from sugar agro-poles through social differentiation. It also maintains that rather than being the antithesis to land enclosures, contract farming represents one instance of global neoliberal agricultural restructuring, functional to the expansion of the sugar frontier at cheap costs. This process, which I term sugarification, involves the maximization of value extraction from farmers, its appropriation by agribusiness and finance capital, and a regime of production which devaluates labour (wage and family) and nature, while dramatically affecting existing livelihoods and landscapes.

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Asian capitalism, primitive accumulation, and the new enclosures in Uganda

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Carbon markets and the new ‘Carbon Violence’: A Ugandan study

Carbon markets and the new ‘Carbon Violence’: A Ugandan study

The fragmented politics of sugarcane contract farming in Uganda

Bitter sugarification: sugar frontier and contract farming in Uganda

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