Asian-Indians: a review of coronary artery disease in this understudied cohort in the United States

Ardeshna, Devarshi; Bob‐Manuel, Tamunoinemi; Nanda, Amit; Sharma, Arindam; Skelton, William Paul; Skelton, Michelle; Khouzam, Rami N.

doi:10.21037/atm.2017.10.18

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Both high cholesterol and hypertension are risk factors for diabetes and heart disease. While the high prevalence of diabetes and heart disease among Asian Indians is well established [74][75][76], a significantly lower risk for coronary heart disease was found for Chinese compared to NHWs [77]. Moreover, a study examining functional limitations among middle-aged and older adults reported that Asian Indians had higher odds for functional limitations compared to Chinese [78].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Multimorbidity among Asian Indian, Chinese, and Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States

Zhang

Misra

Sambamoorthi

2020

IJERPH

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Asian Americans are the fastest-growing minority group in the United States, yet little is known about their multimorbidity. This study examined the association of Asian Indians, Chinese and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) to multimorbidity, defined as the concurrent presence of two or more chronic conditions in the same individual. We used a cross-sectional design with data from the National Health Interview Survey (2012–2017) of Asian Indians, Chinese, and NHWs (N = 132,666). Logistic regressions were used to examine the adjusted association of race/ethnicity to multimorbidity. There were 1.9% Asian Indians, 1.8% Chinese, and 96.3% NHWs. In unadjusted analyses (p < 0.001), 17.1% Asian Indians, 17.9% Chinese, and 39.0% NHWs had multimorbidity. Among the dyads, high cholesterol and hypertension were the most common combination of chronic conditions among Asian Indians (32.4%), Chinese (41.0%), and NHWs (20.6%). Asian Indians (AOR = 0.73, 95% CI = (0.61, 0.89)) and Chinese (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI = (0.53, 0.75)) were less likely to have multimorbidity compared to NHWs, after controlling for age, sex, and other risk factors. However, Asian Indians and Chinese were more likely to have high cholesterol and hypertension, risk factors for diabetes and heart disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Multimorbidity among Asian Indian, Chinese, and Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States

Zhang

Misra

Sambamoorthi

2020

IJERPH

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“…Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major CVD phenotype being noticed in Indians. It is estimated that Asian Indians constitute a fifth of the global population with CAD [2]. CAD is a complex disease resulting from the cumulative and interactive effects of large number of genes along with environmental exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799), CETP (rs708272), MTHFR (rs1801133 and rs2274976) and MS (rs185087) polymorphisms with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Raina

Sharma

Panjaliya

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disease resulting from the cumulative and interactive effects of large number of genes along with environmental exposure. Therefore, the present study was envisaged as an effort to study the association of candidate genes ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799), CETP (rs708272), MTHFR (rs1801133 and rs2274976) and MS (rs185087) polymorphisms with the risk of CAD, targeting the populations of Jammu (JandK). Method: A total of 400 confirmed CAD patients and 400 healthy controls were enrolled for the present study. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: ESR1 gene (rs9340799) polymorphism was found to be associated with CAD in all the genetic models. The haplotype analysis of ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799) gene revealed that C-G haplotype was conferring approximately 5-fold risk and T-A haplotype was adding 1.4-fold risk towards the disease. 'T' allele of MTHFR rs1801133 SNP was observed to be responsible for development of CAD in our study population (p < 0.0001). In case of MTHFR (rs1801133 and rs2274976) gene, the haplotype T-G was observed to confer 4.7-fold risk towards CAD whereas haplotype C-G provided nearly a 1.7 fold protection towards development of CAD. For MS gene, rs185087 was also found to be associated with CAD in a co-dominant (p = 0.003 and p = 0.03), dominant (p = 0.001) and allelic models (p = 0.001). The gene-gene interaction revealed strong epistasis between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), ESR1 rs9340799 and MTHFR rs2274976. Furthermore, the dendrogram for gene-environment dataset indicated moderately synergistic interaction between CETP rs708272 and physical inactivity. Conclusion: In the study under reference, a significant association of ESR1-XbaI (rs9340799), MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) and MS A2756G (rs185087) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of CAD in the population of Jammu region (JandK) has been observed.

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“…81 If the CVD risk in the Indian population did not decline upon immigration to foreign countries, a genetic factor was a possibility while the lifestyle also fueled the excessive risk of CVD. 82…”

Section: Genetics and Lifestylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is lipid goal one-size-fits-all: A review of evidence for recommended low-density lipoprotein treatment targets in Asian patients

Wang

Yan

Tomlinson

et al. 2019

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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The international guideline recommendations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering were made based on the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and observational studies mostly in the White population. It was not clear whether these LDL-C targets could be applicable to other ethnic groups, for example, Asian patients. This review aimed to address major aspects related to the lipid goal and statin therapy in Asia, including the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease, the LDL-C profiles, the lipid goals from localized guidelines, genetics and lifestyles, and the efficacy and safety of statins. Owing to the geographic, ethnic, genetic, and cultural diversity in this region, we observed a geographic pattern of diversity in cardiovascular epidemiology and statin response in Central Asia, East Asia (particularly for Asia-Pacific region), and South Asia. The rapidly growing literature from Asian countries questioning “lower is better” hypothesis was noticed. However, owing to the nature of these dominantly observational data, the conclusion was hardly confirmative. Despite the rapid expansion of the current literature in this region, efforts should be made to ensure an adequate sample size to assess the significance of a given lipid parameter on overall cardiovascular outcomes in this Asian population.

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Asian-Indians: a review of coronary artery disease in this understudied cohort in the United States

Cited by 42 publications

References 55 publications

Prevalence of Multimorbidity among Asian Indian, Chinese, and Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States

Prevalence of Multimorbidity among Asian Indian, Chinese, and Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States

Association of ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799), CETP (rs708272), MTHFR (rs1801133 and rs2274976) and MS (rs185087) polymorphisms with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Is lipid goal one-size-fits-all: A review of evidence for recommended low-density lipoprotein treatment targets in Asian patients

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