Asian Megacity Characteristics, Problems, and Policies

Brennan, Ellen M.; Richardson, Harry W.

doi:10.1177/016001768901200201

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…These are one of the reasons why the lands occupied by slums are not easy to be upgraded. Many cities have master plans prescribing directions of urban growth, but these plans rarely are realized and languish in metropolitan planning office as irrelevant document (Brennan and Harry, 1989). The problem with these rules is that their implementation is time-consuming and gives opportunities for corruption.…”

Section: Urban Formal and Informal Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developing countries, high population growth followed by increased migration towards cities has resulted in rapid decline of urban land raising the house price beyond the reach of middle and low Environment and Urbanization ASiA, 5, 1 (2014): 175-184 income people (Brennan and Harry, 1989;Dunkerley, 1983). Urbanization in Bangladesh is taking place due to rapid growth of urban population and rural-urban migration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing Problems for Middle and Low Income People in Bangladesh: Challenges of Dhaka Megacity

Shams¹,

Mahruf²,

Shohel³

et al. 2014

Environment and Urbanization Asia

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In Bangladesh, 30 per cent of its total population is living in urban areas and by 2030 the rate of urbanization will be more than 40 per cent. There is a tremendous pressure of influx of people in Dhaka city. Current trend of urban migration is driven by rural poverty, river erosion and natural calamities forcing them to migrate to Dhaka city in search of better livelihoods. These newcomers floating people in the city end up sleeping in public places such as street corners, railway and bus stations as well as other available places including abandoned buildings. The existing infrastructure facilities developed in Dhaka megacity cannot cope with the minimum living requirements of this poor working class floating population. The Dhaka city is exposed to an array of urban problems that could not be discussed in one paper. This article explores the nature and pattern of housing developed under public sector and the policies and strategies that the Government of Bangladesh is pursuing particularly for the middle and poor class who are living permanently in Dhaka city in temporary shelters or on floating basis.Peer reviewe

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Section: Urban Formal and Informal Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing Problems for Middle and Low Income People in Bangladesh: Challenges of Dhaka Megacity

Shams¹,

Mahruf²,

Shohel³

et al. 2014

Environment and Urbanization Asia

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“…Subsequently, in the context of giant cities (Brennan and Richardson 1989), which give rise to the megalopolis (Gottmann, 1962), world cities (Friedman, 1985) or global cities (Sassen, 1991), it could be considered a large city (according to ECLAC) 1 . Although, the GMA exhibit the majority of the mega-problems seen in mega-cities with urban diseconomies: road congestion, traffic accidents, air pollution, public unsafety, and others problems associated to urban expansion and the worsening of disorderly growth which lacks adequate planning and regulation.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agglomeration Economies Versus Urban Diseconomies: The Case of the Greater Metropolitan Area (GMA) of Costa Rica

Pichardo-Muñiz¹,

Chavarría²

2012

Advances in Spatial Planning

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Advances in Spatial Planning 288 based on comprehensive, innovative, technical solutions. The last section presents the most significant conclusions, including their implications for design and regulation of urban planning, in the case studied, and others with similar characteristics. Agglomeration economies versus urban diseconomiesFrom an economic point of view, Roberto Camagni (2005), reassessing the principles that govern the city, has done a spatial analysis and, in theoretical terms, has reinvented the study of the economics, from an urban perspective. To this effect, and from the premises of Marshall (static efficiency), Schumpeter (dynamic efficiency), and Marx (the conundrum of power), he introduces five basic principles to understand the city and the urban policy design: i. Agglomeration (or synergies), corresponding to the basic question of why the city exists; ii. Accessibility (or spatial competition) linked to the question of where productive and domestic activities should be located; iii. Spatial Interaction (or the need for mobility and contact); iv. Hierarchy (or city order); and, v. Competitiveness (or export as an economic driver).

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“…This suggests that there are cities of different sizes, and therefore, various forms of agglomeration, with a diversity of sources of employment, natural resources, cultural background, and growing institutional complexity. Cities with characteristics similar to those of the GMA in the Central Valley of Costa Rica, could be considered a large city (according to Rodríguez & Villa 1998 13 ) in the context of giant cities (Brennan and Richardson 1989), which give rise to the megalopolis (Gottman 1962), world cities (Friedmann 1985) or global cities (Sassen 1991). 14 This city has some of the megaproblems seen in mega-cities: traffic congestion, air pollution, public unsafety, and others related to urban expansion and the worsening of disorderly growth which lacks adequate planning and urban regulation.…”

Section: Road Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Diseconomies of Transportation and Public Safety Problems in the Measurement of Urban Quality of Life

Pichardo-Muñiz

2010

Applied Research Quality Life

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Quality of Life has become an issue of urban research due to a greater awareness of its contribution when identifying areas for intervention and when monitoring urban planning policies. This case study from Costa Rica refers to the role of diseconomies of transportation and public safety problems in the measurement of urban quality of life. Theoretically, urban diseconomies, or negative externalities, are the result of rises in average total costs over time as production increases and of the use of certain factors without increasing scales. The cost of urban diseconomies related to transportation and to public safety problems affects both external conditions contributing to quality of life (e.g.: level of income, access to services and resources and productivity) and people's subjective perspective of quality of life in various domains (e.g.: stress, time use, leisure time and so on). These deficiencies have led to the reversal of gains from concentrated economic activities and positive externalities achieved by agglomerated dwellings thus becoming urban diseconomies. An analysis is provided of city living and its evergrowing problems warranting new styles of planning, regulations, and urban management, along with physical intervention based on comprehensive, innovative technical solutions. The data comes from various sources, and a statistical model was used to obtain estimates and projected data. The results suggest that if measures are not taken to reverse current urban growth and the expansion of the Greater Metropolitan Area, people's opportunities and fundamental rights of access to capacity building, potentially allowing them to have more meaningful lifestyles, will be restricted.

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Asian Megacity Characteristics, Problems, and Policies

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Housing Problems for Middle and Low Income People in Bangladesh: Challenges of Dhaka Megacity

Housing Problems for Middle and Low Income People in Bangladesh: Challenges of Dhaka Megacity

Agglomeration Economies Versus Urban Diseconomies: The Case of the Greater Metropolitan Area (GMA) of Costa Rica

The Role of Diseconomies of Transportation and Public Safety Problems in the Measurement of Urban Quality of Life

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