Asian-Origin Approved COVID-19 Vaccines and Current Status of COVID-19 Vaccination Program in Asia: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

COVID-19 vaccination has started throughout the globe. The vaccination program has also begun in most Asian countries. This paper analyzed the Asian-origin COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination program status in Asia till March 2021 under three sections. In the first section, we mapped the approved vaccines that originated from Asia, their technological platforms, collaborations during vaccine development, and regulatory approval from other countries. We found that a total of eight Asian COVID-19 vaccines originated and got approval from three countries: China, India, and Russia. In the second section, we critically evaluated the recent progress of COVID-19 vaccination programs. We analyzed the overall vaccination status across the Asian region. We also calculated the cumulative COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in different Asian countries, vaccine rolling in 7-day average in various Asian countries, and COVID-19 vaccine per day doses administrated in several Asian countries. We found that China and India vaccinated the maximum number of people. Finally, we evaluated the factors affecting the COVID-19 vaccination program in Asia, such as vaccine hesitancy, basic reproduction numbers (R0) and vaccination campaigns, and the cost of the vaccines. Our analysis will assist the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination program successfully in Asia.

A Detailed Overview of Immune Escape, Antibody Escape, Partial Vaccine Escape of SARS-CoV-2 and Their Emerging Variants With Escape Mutations

“…(242,(247)(248)(249). Several countries approved these vaccines, and billions of people were vaccinated using them (1).…”

“…It has been noted that vaccination is one of the tangible ways to fight against the pandemic. Therefore, every country has started a COVID-19 vaccination program to vaccinate the people and fight against the pandemic ( 1 , 2 ). At the same time, scientists noted different new variants of SARS-CoV-2, affecting various epidemiological phenomena of the pandemic.…”

Spatial Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Scoping Review

“…However, the Voronoi map (Theisen polygon) was utilized in only one study [23]. The contribution of 11 articles to the spatial analysis of COVID-19 vaccination was only limited to mapping [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Although most mapping studies disregarded time components, and used static presentation of data, temporal variations or transmission dynamics were mapped in [24,29,30,[35][36][37].…”

“…Root-Bernstein [57] D, R 3 Whitehead, Scott [49] D, R 3 Whitehead, Carr [50] D, R 3 Bauer, Zhang [38] D, R 3 Chakraborty, Sharma [26] D, R 3 Qunaibi, Basheti [33] D, R 3 Lei [58] D 1 Zhou, Zhou [55] D, R, N, M 7 Ali, Rahman [24] D, R 3 Hu, Wang [29] D 1 Grauer, Löwen [28] N, M 4 Krzysztofowicz and Osi ńska-Skotak [23] D, N, M 5…”

Lessons Learned from Cutting-Edge Immunoinformatics on Next-Generation COVID-19 Vaccine Research

“…More than 13 approved vaccine candidates are being used throughout the world for the mass vaccination program. Among them, Pfizer (BioNTech mRNA vaccine: BNT162b2) and ModernaTX mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273) are the first approved vaccines, which have shown excellent efficacy (95% and 94.1%, respectively) (Chakraborty et al 2021a , b ). These vaccines are capable of reducing COVID-19 infection.…”