Aspectos biológicos e morfologia externa dos imaturos de Memphismoruus stheno (Prittwitz) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Abstract

-Immature stages of Memphis moruus stheno (Prittwittz) were subject of a behavior, biological and morphological study. The morphological study was carried out through observation by stereoscopic microscopy with camera lucida and micrometric lens attached for illustrations and measurements, respectively; and scanning electron microscopy for ultrastructural analysis. Behavioral data were obtained through direct observation in the fi eld and laboratory. Eggs were laid on the underside of leaves of two Lauraceae species. The fi rst to third instars build frass chains, the fourth and the fi fth instars build a conical shelter using a single leaf of the host plant. Before pupation, larvae bend its body ventrally and the pupae are incapable of movement. Descriptions, illustrations and photographs of egg, all fi ve instars and pupa are given. The cephalic morphology and chaetotaxy of fi rst instar were described and illustrated. Results are compared with other Charaxinae immature stages. A variação existente em certas estruturas de insetos indica que estudos do ciclo de vida podem ser importantes para a defi nição de problemas de sistemática em adição a estudos de morfologia pura (Freitas 1991). Imaturos são fontes valiosas de informações para a sistemática de Lepidoptera (Scoble 1992, Freitas & Brown Jr 2004 e muito ainda é necessário saber sobre estes aspectos antes que seja possível resolver a sistemática de Anaeini (Rydon 1971). O presente estudo apresenta aspectos da biologia e descreve detalhadamente a morfologia externa dos imaturos e a quetotaxia da larva de primeiro ínstar de M. moruus stheno.

Immature Stages of the Neotropical Butterfly,Dynamine agacles agacles

“…Terminology for early stage descriptions followed Stehr (1987) for larval structures, Dias (2006) for pupae, both modified after general studies of Lepidoptera morphology (Mosher 1916; Peterson 1962; Casagrande 1979; Scoble 1992; Paim et al 2004; Duarte et al 2005; Kaminski et al 2008; Dias et al 2010a, 2010b). …”

“…Considering the importance of early stages as sources of characters for establishing phylogenetic hypothesis and for taxonomic studies in higher Lepidoptera taxa (Freitas et al 1997; Greeney and Gerardo 2001; Hasenfuss and Kristensen 2003; Casagrande and Mielke 2005; Souza et al 2006; Freitas and Brown Jr. 2004, 2008; Dias et al 2010a, 2010b), the present study has the objective of presenting detailed morphological and behavioral descriptions of the immature stages of Dynamine agacles agacles , aiming to contribute to the knowledge of Neotropical Biblidinae.…”

External Morphology and Ultra-Structure of Eggs and First Instar ofPrepona Laertes Laertes(Hübner, [1811]), with Notes on Host Plant use and Taxonomy

“…Measures and drawings were made with the aid of a micrometric scale lens and camera lucida, respectively. Sample processing procedures and scanning electron microscopy were carried out at Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, as described in Dias et al (2010). Nomenclature follows Scoble (1992) for eggs; Hinton (1946), Peterson (1962), and Stehr (1987) for larval chaetotoaxy and body areas, with modifications proposed by Huertas-Dionisio (2006) for the chaetotaxy of the anal prolegs; and Mosher (1919) and Casagrande (1979) for pupal morphology.…”

Immature Stages of the Neotropical Cracker Butterfly,Hamadryas epinome

“…Several studies include immature Neotropical Nymphalidae (Casagrande 1979; Casagrande & Mielke 1985, 2000; Paim et al 2004; Casagrande & Mielke 2005; Freitas 2006; Silva et al 2006; Kaminski et al 2008; Dias et al 2010). However, there is little published information about the subfamily Biblidinae (Freitas et al 1997).…”

“…Research on the morphology and natural history of immature stages is highlighted in literature as a fundamental tool for taxonomic and evolutionary studies of Lepidoptera, especially at higher taxonomic levels (Freitas et al 1997; Greeney & Gerardo 2001; Hasenfuss & Kristensen 2003; Casagrande & Mielke 2005; Silva et al 2006; Souza et al 2006; Freitas & Brown Jr. 2008; Dias et al 2010; Leite et al 2010). With the objective of contributing to the systematic studies of the subfamily Biblidinae, this study describes the external morphology and behavioral aspects of the immature stages of H. epinome.…”