Aspects of crime: Young offenders 1999

East, Kate; Campbell, Siobhán

doi:10.1037/e436732008-001

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The findings showed an increase in conduct problems between 1974 and 1999, consistent with findings from the Youth Lifestyle Surveys showing increases in self‐report offending for 14–17‐year‐olds between 1992 and 1999 (East & Campbell, 1999). The adult longitudinal outcome data for NCDS and BCS70 suggest that these results reflect real changes in behaviour.…”

Section: Time Trends In Conduct Problemssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…A number of studies have now examined historical changes in rates of emotional and behavioural problems using the same instruments at each time point (Achenbach, Dumenci, & Rescorla, 2003; De Jong, 1997; East & Campbell, 1999; Rahim & Cederblad, 1984; Verhulst, van der Ende, & Rietbergen, 1997; West & Sweeting, 2003). Findings from different countries have produced somewhat different results, indicating the likelihood of culture‐specific trends (see also Smith & Rutter, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found increased rates of worry and distress among girls, but not among boys, and attributed these patterns to an increase in educational expectations. Comparisons of self‐reported crime, assessed with repeated questions in the Youth Lifestyle Surveys, point to increased law‐breaking by UK adolescents (both males and females) between 1992 and 1999 (East & Campbell, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Time trends in adolescent mental health

Collishaw

Maughan

Goodman³

et al. 2004

Child Psychology Psychiatry

464

269

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Results showed a substantial increase in adolescent conduct problems over the 25-year study period that has affected males and females, all social classes and all family types. There was also evidence for a recent rise in emotional problems, but mixed evidence in relation to rates of hyperactive behaviour. Further analyses using longitudinal data from the first two cohorts showed that long-term outcomes for adolescents with conduct problems were closely similar. This provided evidence that observed trends were unaffected by possible changes in reporting thresholds.

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Section: Time Trends In Conduct Problemssupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Time trends in adolescent mental health

Collishaw

Maughan

Goodman³

et al. 2004

Child Psychology Psychiatry

464

269

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…With regard to the extent of juvenile stranger sex offending, the current study found that 14% of all stranger sex offences in 2001, in London, UK, were allegedly committed by juveniles. Previous studies have estimated that juveniles are responsible for approximately 19-20% of all sex offences [Davis and Leitenburg, 1987;East and Campbell, 1999]. Bearing in mind that this study has addressed only those attacks against strangers, the numbers are similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characteristics of juvenile sex offending against strangers: Findings from a non‐clinical study

Woodhams

2004

Aggressive Behavior

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Previous studies of the characteristics of juvenile sex offending have been restricted to clinical samples (with convicted offenders undergoing treatment or assessment), which have several inherent limitations. To overcome these limitations victim allegations made to the London Metropolitan Police, UK, in 2001, of sexual assault by juvenile stranger perpetrators were sampled. The study aimed to determine more accurately the alleged nature of sex offending by this type of juvenile offender (aged less than 18 years) and to determine what factors were associated with the most serious cases of this type of aggressive behaviour. The most common offence characteristics were identified, and relationships between suspect and offence/victim characteristics were statistically tested. Offence seriousness, as indicated by physical violence and the occurrence of penetration, was significantly associated with an assault by a team of offenders, a young victim, and older juvenile offenders. The potential for predicting offender characteristics from offence characteristics was examined. Estimated offender age was significantly predicted by the absence/presence of penetration. An older juvenile offender was predicted by a penetrative attack. Aggr.A recent study by La˚ngstro¨m [2002] identified a stranger victim-suspect relationship, (where the victim was previously a stranger to the suspect), as a risk factor for sexual recidivism for a sample of Swedish juvenile sex offenders aged 15-20. Sex offences committed by stranger offenders are also the most difficult for the police to investigate, as the police often possess only scant information about the offender from a distressed victim. It would therefore be expected that juvenile sex offenders who commit offences against previously unknown victims would have been the subject of extensive research attention. This, however, has not been the case, as will be demonstrated.Past studies have shown juveniles to be responsible for a substantial proportion of sexual assaults, as indicated by a figure of approximately 19% reported by East and Campbell [1999] and a figure of 20% following a review by Davis and Leitenberg [1987]. Studies have shown

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“…Self-reported crime rates in [14][15][16][17] year olds rose 14% between 1992-93 and 1998-99. 2 In Scotland in the 2002-03 year, 2267 incidents of violence against teachers by primary school pupils were reported, 3 compared with 1376 in the 2000-01 year 4 and 1791 in the 2001-02 year. 5 Whether this increase is due to increased reporting or an increase in incidents is unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Could nursery rhymes cause violent behaviour? A comparison with television viewing

Davies

2004

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Aims: To assess the rates of violence in nursery rhymes compared to pre-watershed television viewing. Methods: Data regarding television viewing habits, and the amount of violence on British television, were obtained from Ofcom. A compilation of nursery rhymes was examined for episodes of violence by three of the researchers. Each nursery rhyme was analysed by number and type of episode. They were then recited to the fourth researcher whose reactions were scrutinised. Results: There were 1045 violent scenes on pre-watershed television over two weeks, of which 61% showed the act and the result; 51% of programmes contained violence. The 25 nursery rhymes had 20 episodes of violence, with 41% of rhymes being violent in some way; 30% mentioned the act and the result, with 50% only the act. Episodes of law breaking and animal abuse were also identified. Television has 4.8 violent scenes per hour and nursery rhymes have 52.2 violent scenes per hour. Analysis of the reactions of the fourth researcher were inconclusive. Conclusions: Although we do not advocate exposure for anyone to violent scenes or stimuli, childhood violence is not a new phenomenon. Whether visual violence and imagined violence have the same effect is likely to depend on the age of the child and the effectiveness of the storyteller. Re-interpretation of the ancient problem of childhood and youth violence through modern eyes is difficult, and laying the blame solely on television viewing is simplistic and may divert attention from vastly more complex societal problems.A pproximately 10% of violent crime in England and Wales is perpetrated by school age children.1 Although the rates of convictions in children have fallen, this is felt to be due to a change in policy by the courts to try to keep children out of custodial sentences. Self-reported crime rates in 14-17 year olds rose 14% between 1992-93 and 1998-99. 5 Whether this increase is due to increased reporting or an increase in incidents is unknown.Some high profile cases have been blamed on visual stimuli, from the Jamie Bulger murder to the case of the teenager who was convinced to attempt to murder his friend on the orders of a ''secret agent''. In both these cases, watching violent films was implicated in giving the children the knowledge and confidence to act.As early as 1972, the US surgeon general wrote: ''televised violence does have an adverse effect on certain members of our society''.6 A recent major study 7 showed a significant correlation between aggressive behaviour and the amount of time spent watching television in adolescence. Potential confounding factors including childhood neglect, previous aggressive behaviour, and neighbourhood violence were controlled for. A meta-analysis of all available studies in this field showed a correlation between exposure to media violence and aggression. Violence on television has also been increasing in nature and in scope. It is estimated that a child who watches two hours of cartoons per day will experience 10 000 episodes of violence per year. ...

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Aspects of crime: Young offenders 1999

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Time trends in adolescent mental health

Time trends in adolescent mental health

Characteristics of juvenile sex offending against strangers: Findings from a non‐clinical study

Could nursery rhymes cause violent behaviour? A comparison with television viewing

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