Aspects of oat physiology

Brouwer, J.B.; Flood, R. G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0015-1_7

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 145 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The primary factor influencing outcome of the growth habit evaluation is presumed to be vernalization requirement, following from the premise that winter habit genotypes require vernalization to promote flowering whereas spring habit genotypes do not. However, vernalization response of oat evaluated in this way may be confounded with late flowering caused by photoperiod response and flowering time per se (rate of plant development), in particular since the vernalization requirement of oat is often facultative and weak ( Brouwer and Flood, 1995 ). Both the SNP for growth habit on Mrg06 and that for days to anthesis on Mrg02 overlap with previously reported loci controlling traits related to fall/spring sown classification ( Esvelt Klos et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure and Genotype–Phenotype Associations in a Collection of Oat Landraces and Historic Cultivars

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Population structure and genetic architecture of phenotypic traits in oat (Avena sativa L.) remain relatively under-researched compared to other small grain species. This study explores the historic context of current elite germplasm, including phenotypic and genetic characterization, with a particular focus on identifying under-utilized areas. A diverse panel of cultivated oat accessions was assembled from the USDA National Small Grains Collection to represent a gene pool relatively unaffected by twentieth century breeding activity and unlikely to have been included in recent molecular studies. The panel was genotyped using an oat iSelect 6K beadchip SNP array. The final dataset included 759 unique individuals and 2,715 polymorphic markers. Some population structure was apparent, with the first three principal components accounting for 38.8% of variation and 73% of individuals belonging to one of three clusters. One cluster with high genetic distinctness appears to have been largely overlooked in twentieth century breeding. Classification and phenotype data provided by the Germplasm Resources Information Network were evaluated for their relationship to population structure. Of the structuring variables evaluated, improvement status (cultivar or landrace) was relatively unimportant, indicating that landraces and cultivars included in the panel were all sampled from a similar underlying population. Instead, lemma color and region of origin showed the strongest explanatory power. An exploratory association mapping study of the panel using a subset of 2,588 mapped markers generated novel indications of genomic regions associated with awn frequency, kernels per spikelet, lemma color, and panicle type. Further results supported previous findings of loci associated with barley yellow dwarf virus tolerance, crown rust (caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) resistance, days to anthesis, and growth habit (winter/spring). In addition, two novel loci were identified for crown rust resistance.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure and Genotype–Phenotype Associations in a Collection of Oat Landraces and Historic Cultivars

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No GM varieties of oats exist, making it straightforward to certify oats as a GM-free ingredient. They can be commercially produced not only within the US Corn Belt but are also adapted to cool, wet climates ( 2 ) and could, therefore, become a locally grown feed in regions where corn production is not possible and wheat production is a challenge. An additional advantage of expanding hulless oat cultivation to supply the poultry industry would be an increase in agricultural biodiversity, which has declined in the US during recent decades ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacing Corn and Wheat in Layer Diets with Hulless Oats Shows Effects on Sensory Properties and Yolk Quality of Eggs

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

US organic poultry producers are under pressure to find feed alternatives to corn and wheat. Hulless oats offer advantages such as wide geographic adaptation of the plant and high concentrations of protein and oil in the grain. They have shown considerable potential in experimental work as a feed grain for poultry, but more research is needed into their influence on the sensory and nutritional properties of eggs. In this study, hulless oats were substituted for corn or wheat at 200 g kg−1 in diets fed to Hy-Line Brown hens and eggs were sampled for sensory evaluation after 8 weeks. Discrimination tests of blended and baked egg samples found evidence of difference between eggs from oat-based diets and those from the oat-free control (p < 0.05 for eggs from an oat-corn diet, p < 0.01 for eggs from an oat-wheat diet). Acceptance tests of similar samples showed that eggs from the oat-wheat diet were significantly less liked than control eggs for their texture (p < 0.01) and response to cooking (p < 0.01), while eggs from the oat-corn diet were somewhat less liked. Yolk weight was greater (p < 0.05) in control eggs (34.1 g) than eggs from oat-corn (31.6 g) or oat-wheat (31.2 g) diets, leading to smaller yolk proportion in the oat-fed eggs. Fatty acid profile differences across treatments were not of nutritional significance, and no evidence was found that the feeding of hulless oats improved storage properties of eggs. In this study, modifying the carbohydrate source in layer diets was shown to change textural properties of cooked eggs in a way that was perceptible to untrained consumers, probably by reducing the yolk proportion. This finding was not commercially relevant owing to small effect size, and results overall add to existing evidence that hulless oats can be fed to poultry at a moderate proportion of the diet with no negative effect on consumer acceptability of eggs. Regardless of the small effect size, however, findings are interesting from the food chemistry perspective because they provide novel evidence of how the thermal properties of eggs can be altered by a change in hen dietary carbohydrate source.

show abstract

“…Hulless oats (a variant of cultivated hexaploid oat Avena sativa L.; also known as naked oats) may represent one such alternative. The oat plant is generally adapted to cooler climates than corn, offering the opportunity for its production as a locally grown feed outside traditional corn-growing areas (Brouwer and Flood, 1995). Production of oats is also practiced within traditional corn-growing regions such as Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin (National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2016b), where the production of organic corn is more difficult owing to widespread presence of GM pollen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three hulless oat varieties show economic potential as organic layer feed grain

Winkler

Murphy

Hermes

2017

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hulless oats are of interest as an alternative to corn and wheat in organic poultry diets because they offer potential to enhance agrobiodiversity and produce locally grown feeds both within and outside of corn-growing regions. Hulless oats are easily certified GM-free and have demonstrated nutritional value for poultry. A feeding study was carried out to examine: (i) the effects of substituting corn, wheat or a fraction of each with hulless oats in organic layer diets, and (ii) the importance of oat variety in feed performance. Productivity and economic implications in the context of current organic markets were explored. Experimental diets included an oat-free control, Oat + corn, Oat + wheat and Oat + corn + wheat, each of which was formulated with three hulless oat varieties, AC Gwen, Paul and Streaker. All but the control diet included oats at 200 g kg −1 . Three hundred Hy-Line Brown hens were individually caged and allocated to diets in groups of 10 in a completely randomized design with three replicates per diet. Experimental diets were fed between 24 and 32 weeks of age during which time hen health, egg production and egg quality indicators were monitored. Results indicated that hulless oats had no negative effects on hen health and productivity. On the basis of current organic feed ingredient prices and an estimated cost of USD 533 mt −1 for production of oats in the study region, oat containing diets were more expensive than the oat-free control. In an evaluation of revenue based on current market prices for organic eggs, the additional cost was completely offset by larger egg sizes of hens on oat containing diets. There were no major differences associated with oat variety.

show abstract

Aspects of oat physiology

Cited by 11 publications

References 145 publications

Population Structure and Genotype–Phenotype Associations in a Collection of Oat Landraces and Historic Cultivars

Population Structure and Genotype–Phenotype Associations in a Collection of Oat Landraces and Historic Cultivars

Replacing Corn and Wheat in Layer Diets with Hulless Oats Shows Effects on Sensory Properties and Yolk Quality of Eggs

Three hulless oat varieties show economic potential as organic layer feed grain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About