Aspects of Safety in Production of Feeds – A Review

2019

Open Chemistry

This paper presents the results of fluorescence-based analysis of homogeneity of five multicomponent granular mixtures. Analyses were performed using solutions of selected substances capable of emitting light following UV irradiation, namely Tinopal 0.03% and Rhodamine B 0.01%. Mixtures were spiked with the key component consisting of maize grains coated with the fluorescent solution. The tracer content was determined on the basis of computer image analysis, and the results were compared to those obtained using the traditional weighing method. On this basis, the proposed method was verified and assessed for applicability in estimating the homogeneity of mixtures comprised of 8, 10, 11, 14, and 20 components. The results suggest that both Tinopal and Rhodamine B may be used to estimate the tracer content in the tested mixtures.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures

2019

Open Chemistry

“…It seems to be particularly important to conduct research on the process of mixing components with considerable fineness, such as powders. This is due, among other things, to the scale of production of products in the form of granules or powders, which reaches up to one billion pounds a year [4][5][6][7] and the aspects of safety [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incomplete mixing may result in negative nutritional effects. The appropriate uniformity of a mixture is important also for the granulation process [1,8,9]. In industrial conditions, ensuring safe feed production requires the implementation of Quality Management Systems such as Good Hygienic Practice-GHP, Good Manufacturing Practice-GMP, and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points-HACCP [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, determining the effective mixing time translates into production costs. Optimizing the work of mixing devices requires quantitative means to evaluate mixing [8,11]. Moreover, even a slight change in the parameters of the mixing process, such as humidity of the mixed material, degree of filling of the mixer and others, affects the degree of mixing [5,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the feed's raw materials is another important issue. Due to its properties (biologically active material), the feed may undergo contamination with pathogenic microflora [8,14]. However, as shown by some research carried out in Poland, this type of contaminant does not exceed accepted standards, and the use of thermal treatment such as drying allows for the additional reduction of this risk [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ultraviolet Fluorescence in the Assessment of Quality in the Mixing of Granular Material

2020

Sustainability

The aim of the study was to determine the possibility of using ultraviolet fluorescence to evaluate the quality of the mixing process of industrial feed. A laboratory funnel-flow mixer was used for the mixing process. The studies were carried out using three different feeds for pigs. A key component in the form of ground grains of yellow maize covered with the fluorescent substance Rhodamine B was introduced into the mixer before the mixing process began. After the illumination of the sample by UV lamps, the images were taken with a digital camera. The images were analyzed in Patan ® software. The information obtained on the percentage content of the key component was used for further calculations. At the same time, the tracer content was determined using the control method (weight method). The comparison of the results obtained by the two methods (statistical comparative analysis) did not indicate significant differences. Therefore, the usefulness of the proposed method to track the share of the key component by inducing it to glow in the ultraviolet light has been proven. The introduced tracer is also one of the components of the feed, which translates into the possibility of observing the material having the characteristics of a mixed material.

Fluorescence in the assessment of the share of a key component in the mixing of feed

2020

Open Chemistry

This paper presents the results of the mixing of a multicomponent feed for cattle. Three types of mixtures with different proportions of individual components and granulometric composition were selected. After the mixing process, the fraction of the key component (tracer) was determined. Tracer consisted of crushed grains of yellow maize, which was wet treated with a 0.01% solution of Rhodamine B. A tracer with two different average particle sizes d1 = 2.0 mm and d2 = 1.25 mm was introduced into the mixture. Then, the sample was illuminated with UV light, and the content of the tracer in the sample was evaluated using the computer image analysis. In addition, the tracer was separated to determine its fraction using a laboratory scale. From the obtained results, the high reliability of the fluorescence optical method for the evaluation of the homogeneity of granular multicomponent mixtures was proved. It was also observed that slightly better results were obtained for a tracer with a larger average particle size (d = 2.0 mm), although the comparative analysis did not indicate a significant statistical difference in the results in each series of tests.