Aspergillus sydowii: Genome Analysis and Characterization of Two Heterologous Expressed, Non-redundant Xylanases

Lin

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

A novel enzyme Bi76 comprising GH10, E_set_Esterase_N, and CE1 modules was identified, with the highest homology (62.9%) with a bifunctional endoxylanase/feruloyl esterase among characterized enzymes. Interestingly, Bi76 hydrolyzed glucan substrates besides xylans and feruloylated substrates, suggesting that it is the first characterized trifunctional endoxylanase/endoglucanase/feruloyl esterase. Analyses of truncation variants revealed that GH10 and E_set_Esterase_N + CE1 modules encoded endoxylanase/endoglucanase and feruloyl esterase activities, respectively. Synergism analyses indicated that endoxylanase, α-l-arabinofuranosidase, and feruloyl esterase acted cooperatively in releasing ferulic acid (FA) and xylooligosaccharides from feruloylated arabinoxylan. The interdomain synergism of Bi76 overmatched the intermolecular synergism of TM1 and TM2. Importantly, Bi76 exhibited good capacity in producing FA, releasing 5.20, 4.38, 2.12, 1.35, 0.46, and 0.19 mg/g from corn bran, corn cob, wheat bran, corn stover, rice husk, and rice bran, respectively. This study expands the trifunctional endoxylanase/endoglucanase/feruloyl esterase repertoire and demonstrates the great potential of Bi76 in agricultural residue utilization.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Molecular and Biochemical Analyses of a Novel Trifunctional Endoxylanase/Endoglucanase/Feruloyl Esterase from the Human Colonic Bacterium Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393

Lin

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

“…Besides its terrestrial appearance in soil, it can grow in the sea, due to its salt tolerance. In addition, A. sydowii can contaminate food and it occasionally causes human infections; it causes epizootic infections of sea fan corals in marine ecosystems [ 72 ]. The fungus A. wentii is a widely distributed common soil fungus with a cosmopolitan distribution; it is primarily found in subtropical regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Antimicrobial Performance of Textiles Coated with ZnO and TiO2 Nanoparticles in a Tropical Climate

Веселова

Plyuta

Kostrov

et al. 2022

JFB

This paper reports the results of the large-scale field testing of composite materials with antibacterial properties in a tropical climate. The composite materials, based on a cotton fabric with a coating of metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 and/or ZnO), were produced using high-power ultrasonic treatment. The antibacterial properties of the materials were studied in laboratory tests on solid and liquid nutrient media using bacteria of different taxonomic groups (Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas chlororaphis). On solid media, the coatings were able to achieve a >50% decrease in the number of bacteria. The field tests were carried out in a tropical climate, at the Climate test station “Hoa Lac” (Hanoi city, Vietnam). The composite materials demonstrated long-term antibacterial activity in the tropical climate: the number of microorganisms remained within the range of 1–3% in comparison with the control sample for the duration of the experiment (3 months). Ten of the microorganisms that most frequently occurred on the surface of the coated textiles were identified. The bacteria were harmless, while the fungi were pathogenic and contributed to fabric deterioration. Tensile strength deterioration was also studied, with the fabrics coated with metal oxides demonstrating a better preservation of their mechanical characteristics over time, (there was a 42% tensile strength decrease for the reference non-coated sample and a 21% decrease for the sample with a ZnO + CTAB coating).

J of Applied Microbiology

“…For example, some species of bacterial OTU60, which belonging to Thermobacillus genus, had a major capability for lignocellulose degradation (Lemos et al, 2017). Similar to Aspergillus sydowii , fungal OTU31 had great potential for hemicellulose degradation by secreta xylanase (Brandt et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese promoted wheat straw decomposition by regulating microbial communities and enzyme activities

Jin

Chen

Gao

et al. 2021

Aims: This study investigated the dose-effect of manganese (Mn) addition on wheat straw (WS) decomposition, and explored the potential mechanisms of Mn involved in the acceleration of WS decomposition in regards to the soil microbial communities and enzyme activities. Methods and Results:A 180-day incubation experiment was performed to examine the decomposition of WS under four Mn levels, that is, 0, 0.25, 1 and 2 mg g −1 .The effects of microbial communities and enzyme activities were evaluated using control (0 mg g −1 ) and Mn (0.25 mg g −1 ) treatments. Our results revealed that Mn (0.25 mg g −1 ) addition significantly increased WS decomposition, and enhanced the release of carbon and nitrogen. Optimal Mn addition (0.25 mg g −1 ) also caused significant increases in the activity of neutral xylanase (NEX), laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) within the incubation period. Mn (0.25 mg g −1 ) addition also enriched some operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that, in turn, had the potential ability to decompose crop straw, such as secreting lignocellulolytic enzymes.Conclusions: Mn (0.25 mg g −1 ) could promote WS decomposition through enrichment of the microbial species involved in biomass decomposition, which enhanced the lignocellulose-degrading enzyme activity. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides evidence for Mn to promote WS biodegradation after Mn application, opening new windows to improve the utilization efficiency of crop residues.