Asphyxia with a reduced oxygen content in the environment (clinical lecture)

Abstract

Asphyxia due to a decrease in oxygen concentration in the inhaled air is not common. Nevertheless, the mass media fairly regularly inform the population about its episodes in wine cellars, silos, and children in closed spaces. Quite a serious problem is exogenous hypoxia in miners as a result of accidents with the release of firedamp, carbon dioxide poisoning of submarine crews in case of failure of ventilation systems. The modern extreme sports enthusiast who are actively engaged in mountain tourism and mountaineering, speleology (including diggers), amateur piloting of sports aircraft and balloons, diving, etc. are subject to such lesions. In the available special literature sources on the topic “Asphyxiation due to a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the environment”, there are almost no reports related to lifetime pathogenetic characteristics, diagnosis, and the basics of providing medical care to such victims. There are isolated recommendations on the provision of medical care for mountain sickness, while other options for exogenous asphyxia are considered only from the standpoint of forensic medical examination, in most cases — posthumously. Based on isolated domestic and foreign research works, personal theoretical and clinical experience, we have developed an algorithm for diagnosis and medical care at the stages of the route of a victim with exogenous hypoxia.

Features of Anestesia Provision in Maxillo-Facial Surgery in Patients With Complicated Medical History

“…Elevated lead levels in the blood of alcoholics result in "lead" stomatitis with a blue-black line on the gums, parotitis, basophilic granularity of erythrocytes, poikilocytosis, and leukocytosis. In case of alcoholism, lead levels typically do not reach critical values [2,25,26].…”