Assay of anti-coagulant drug warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical formulation and human biological fluids by square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

Ghoneim, Mohammed M.; Tawfik, A

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2004.01.037

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Electrochemical techniques are alternative methods for the WAR determination because they are simple, fast, sensitive and low cost. The electrochemical detection of WAR has been reported using multiwall carbon nanotubes/molecular imprinting polymer [23] and hanging mercury drop [24] as the working electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode

Gholivand

Mohammadi-Behzad

2015

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode

Gholivand

Mohammadi-Behzad

2015

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…The number of electrons for WA oxidation process on BDD electrode was estimated in 2.001±0.058. This value was also observed by other authors using mercury electrode and modified electrodes .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Some electroanalytical methods have also been used for WA determination in pharmaceutical samples, which can offer some advantages as a simple sample preparation, ease of miniaturization, high sensitivity and their comparative low‐cost. The electroanalysis of WA has been reported by square wave , cyclic voltammetry , differential pulse voltammetry , potentiometry , amperometry , HPLC with electrochemical detection , polarography and coulometric titration . In spite of success of these methods for WA determination, the simplicity and sampling rate required to the routine pharmaceutical analysis is poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and Fast Determination of Warfarin in Pharmaceutical Samples Using Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode in BIA and FIA Systems with Multiple Pulse Amperometric Detection

et al. 2017

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This paper proposes the use of the boron‐doped diamond electrode (BDDE) in flow and batch injection analysis (FIA and BIA) systems with multiple‐pulse amperometric (MPA) detection for the determination of warfarin (WA) in pharmaceutical formulations. The electrochemical behavior of WA obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.1 mol L−1 phosphate buffer shows an irreversible oxidation process at +1.0 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The MPA was based on the application of two sequential potential pulses as a function of time on BDDE: (1) for WA detection at +1.2 V/100 ms and; (2) for electrode surface cleaning at −0.2 V/200 ms. Both hydrodynamic systems (FIA‐MPA and BIA‐MPA) used for WA determination achieved high precision (with relative standard deviations around 2 %, n=10), wide linear range (2.0−400.0 μmol L−1), low limits of detection (0.5 μmol L−1) and good analytical frequency (94 h−1 for FIA and 130 h−1 for BIA). The WA determination made by the proposed methods was compared to the official spectrophotometric method. The FIA‐MPA and BIA‐MPA methods are simple and fast, being an attractive option for WA routine analysis in pharmaceutical industries.

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“…Several methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using ultraviolet or fluorescence detection (Sun et al, 2006;Osman et al, 2005;Locatelli et al, 2005;Ring and Bostick, 2000;Boppana et al, 2002;Chua et al, 2012), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Zuo et al, 2010;Naidong et al, 2001;Zhang et al, 2001), micellar electrokinetic chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Hou et al, 2007), supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Coe et al, 2006), capillary zone electrophoresis (Yau and Chan, 2002;Gareil et al, 1993;Balchen et al, 2007) and square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (Ghoneim and Tawfik, 2004), have been reported for the determination of warfarin in biological samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polypyrrole as an adsorbent for solid‐phase extraction of warfarin from human plasma and urine

Peyrovi¹,

Hadjmohammadi²

2015

Biomedical Chromatography

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The aim of this work was to develop a method for the clean-up and preconcentration of warfarin from biological sample employing a new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as a selective adsorbent for solid-phase extraction (SPE). This MIP was synthesized using warfarin as a template, pyrrole as a functional monomer and vinyl triethoxysilane as a cross-linker. The molar ratio of 1:4:20 (template-functional monomer-cross-linker) showed the best results. Nonimprinted polymers (NIPs) were prepared and treated with the same method, but in the absence of warfarin. The prepared polymer was characterized by Fourier transmission infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. An adsorption process (SPE) for the removal of warfarin using the fabricated MIPs and NIPs was evaluated under various conditions. Effective parameters on warfarin extraction, for example, type and volume of elution solvent, pH of sample solution, breakthrough volume and maximum loading capacity, were studied. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.0035-0.0050 µg mL(-1). Linearity of the method was determined in the range of 0.0165-10.0000 µg mL(-1) for plasma and 0.0115-10.0000 µg mL(-1) for urine with coefficients of determination (R(2)) ranging from 0.9975 to 0.9985. The recoveries for plasma and urine samples were >95%.

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Assay of anti-coagulant drug warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical formulation and human biological fluids by square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode

An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode

Simple and Fast Determination of Warfarin in Pharmaceutical Samples Using Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode in BIA and FIA Systems with Multiple Pulse Amperometric Detection

Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polypyrrole as an adsorbent for solid‐phase extraction of warfarin from human plasma and urine

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