Assays of the production of harmful substances by genetically modified oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants in accordance with regulations for evaluating the impact on biodiversity in Japan

Asanuma, Yoko; Jinkawa, Tomoe; Tanaka, Hidenori; Gondo, Takahiro; Zaita, Norihiro; Akashi, Ryo

doi:10.1007/s11248-010-9398-1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, in most of these approvals, the procedures and details of the experimental results of the confined field trials conducted to assess environmental risks were not disclosed. In recent years, some of these product experiments have been published in scientific papers, such as those concerning soybean (Matsushita et al 2020), oilseed rape (Asanuma et al 2011), and cotton (Asanuma et al 2017), but the information available to the public is limited. Therefore, we hope that the information in this paper will contribute to regulatory science efforts for other crop species, including GM tomato.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most of these studies, the details of the procedures and the results of the experiments conducted for environmental risk assessment in confined field trials are usually not disclosed. Although a few reports have described the details of confined field trials in soybean (Matsushita et al 2020), cotton (Asanuma et al 2017) and oilseed rape (Asanuma et al 2011), they are atypical. In addition, to date, there is no regulatory approval for the cultivation of GM tomato plants in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental risk assessment of transgenic miraculin-accumulating tomato in a confined field trial in Japan

Hiwasa-Tanase

Yano²,

Kon³

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology

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The commercial use of genetically modified (GM) crops requires prior assessment of the risks to the environment when these crops are grown in the field or distributed. Assessments protocols vary across countries and GM crop events, but there is a common need to assess environmental biosafety. In this study, we conducted an environmental risk assessment in a confined field of GM tomato plants that can produce miraculin, a taste-altering protein that causes sour tastes to be perceived as sweet, for practical use in Japan. The evaluation was conducted for 1) competitiveness (the ability to compete with wild plants for nutrients, sunlight, and growing areas and prevent their growth) and 2) the production of toxic substances (the ability to produce substances that interfere with the habitat and growth of wild plants, animals, and microorganisms). Investigations of plant morphology and growth characteristics as well as tolerance to low temperature during early growth and overwintering for assessment endpoints related to competitiveness showed no biologically meaningful difference between GM tomato and non-GM tomato. In addition, harmful substances in plant residues and root secretions were assessed by the plow-in method, succeeding crop test and soil microflora tests, and it was determined that GM tomato does not exhibit an increase in harmful substances. Based on these results, it was concluded that GM miraculinaccumulating tomato is comparable to conventional tomato and is unlikely to have unintended adverse effects in the natural environment of Japan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk assessment of transgenic miraculin-accumulating tomato in a confined field trial in Japan

Hiwasa-Tanase

Yano²,

Kon³

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology

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“…Non-significant differences were found for these microorganisms between the transgenic and the non-transgenic control lines. Furthermore, non-significant effects were observed on soil microorganisms between non-transgenic and transgenic B. napus harboring glufosinate tolerance trait (Asanuma et al, 2011). The Bt genes isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis conferring insect resistance have been extensively used in transgenic plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic assessment for the environmental biosafety of the transgenic oilseed rape lines harboring the antifungal synthetic chitinase (NiC) gene

Khan¹,

Ahmad²,

Ullah³

et al. 2019

PAK.J.BOT.

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Brassica is famous for its contribution to fulfil the edible oil demand. Allelopathic tests were conducted on two varieties of Brassica napus i.e., Durr-e-NIFA (DN) and Abasyn-95 (AB-95) and their corresponding six transformed lines .The transgenic lines harbor synthetic chitinase gene (NiC) that confers resistance against Alterneria brassicicola. Allelopathic assessments were conducted on plant parts and the below ground soil samples of corresponding transgenic and non-transgenic lines using sandwich bioassay method. No difference was found in the effect of transgenic and non-transgenic lines (when using either fresh or dry leaf sample) on seed germination and seedling length of lettuce. Similar non-significant differences were found between the transgenic and non-transgenic lines for lettuce seeds germination in soil. The impact of root secreta from lines of both varieties was determined on fungi, actenomycetes and bacteria (microbes of the rhizosphere). Non-significant variation was found between transgenic and their corresponding non-transgenic lines for all the three tested microbes. In comparison to DN variety and the transgenic DN lines, the AB-95 variety and its transgenic lines showed slightly higher CFU (colony forming units) values. However, these differences were non-significant and considered to inherent differences between the two varieties. On overall basis, a substantial equivalence was considered on transgenic and non-transgenic lines for all the tested bioassays.

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“…Soil samples (approximately 400 ml) were taken from underneath plants in each field plot and soil microorganisms were counted using a dilution plate method (Asanuma et al 2011). A small sub-sample of each soil sample was mixed with sterilized water or an appropriate buffer.…”

Section: Soil Microflora Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consideration of familiarity accumulated in the confined field trials for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified soybean (Glycine max) in Japan

Matsushita¹,

Goto

Takahashi³

et al. 2020

Transgenic Res

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To date, there have been 160 regulatory approvals for environmental safety in Japan for the major genetically modified (GM) crops, including corn, soybean, canola and cotton. Confined field trials (CFTs) have been conducted in Japan for all single events, which contain various traits. The accumulated information from these previously conducted CFTs, as well as the agronomic field study data from other countries, provides a rich source of information to establish "familiarity" with the crops. This familiarity can be defined as the knowledge gained through experience over time, and used to inform the environmental risk assessments (ERA) of new GM crops in Japan. In this paper, we compiled agronomic data from the CFTs performed in Japan for 11 GM soybean events which obtained food, feed and environmental safety approvals from regulatory agencies in Japan. These CFTs were conducted by multiple developers according to Japan regulations to support the ERA of these GM soybean, covering standard measurement endpoints evaluated across developers in Japan. With this dataset, we demonstrate how familiarity gained from the CFTs of GM soybeans in Japan can be used to inform on the ERA of new GM soybean events. By leveraging this concept of familiarity, we discuss potential enhancements to the ERA process for GM soybean events in Japan.

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Assays of the production of harmful substances by genetically modified oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants in accordance with regulations for evaluating the impact on biodiversity in Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Environmental risk assessment of transgenic miraculin-accumulating tomato in a confined field trial in Japan

Environmental risk assessment of transgenic miraculin-accumulating tomato in a confined field trial in Japan

Allelopathic assessment for the environmental biosafety of the transgenic oilseed rape lines harboring the antifungal synthetic chitinase (NiC) gene

Consideration of familiarity accumulated in the confined field trials for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified soybean (Glycine max) in Japan

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