Assemblage structure, spatial patterns, recruitment, and post‐settlement mortality of subtidal bivalve molluscs in a large harbour in north‐eastern New Zealand

Cole, Russell; Hull, P.J.; Healy, Terry R.

doi:10.1080/00288330.2000.9516935

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The significant effect of mussel size class in the GLMs of biodeposit size and the strong relationship between biodeposit size and sinking velocity indicate that mussel size governs biodeposit dispersal. Bivalve populations are often dominated by a few distinctive cohorts (Loo & Rosenberg 1989, Strasser et al 1999, Cole et al 2000, Witbaard & Bergman 2003, and if biodeposit dispersal is a function of animal size then biodeposit dispersal could vary considerably with population size structure.…”

Section: Predicting Biodeposit Sinking Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet on sinking rates and erosion thresholds of mussel Perna canaliculus biodeposits

Giles¹,

Pilditch²

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Suspension-feeding bivalves produce biodeposits (faeces and pseudofaeces) that have much higher sinking velocities than their constituent particles. Consequently, they cause sedimentation and redistribution of material that might otherwise not be deposited, enhancing the benthic-pelagic coupling of nearshore ecosystems. We quantified the dispersal characteristics (sinking velocity and erosion threshold) of biodeposits produced by the mussel Perna canaliculus, a species with high natural abundance that is also intensively cultured in New Zealand. We examined biodeposits produced by mussels of a wide size range (27 to 114 mm shell length) fed 3 diets (natural [N], algae [A] and silt [S] dominated) in the laboratory. Larger mussels produced bigger biodeposits that sank more quickly, and highly significant relationships between biodeposit size (faecal pellet width and pseudofaeces area) and sinking velocity were derived for each diet (r 2 = 0.43 to 0.79). Biodeposit sinking velocities also varied significantly with diet. Mean sinking velocities of faecal pellets produced on the A diet (0.67 cm s -1 ) were approximately 4× lower than those of pellets produced on the N and S diets (2.46 to 2.71 cm s -1 respectively). Pseudofaeces produced on the N and A diets settled 50 to 70% slower than faeces produced on the same diet, but sinking velocities of S diet faeces and pseudofaeces were similar. In situ estimates of biodeposit sinking velocities measured in the Firth of Thames, New Zealand, were comparable to those produced on the N diet. Erosion thresholds were also affected by diet but not by mussel size. Ninety percent of faecal pellets produced on the A diet eroded at a bed shear velocity (u * ) of 0.28 cm s -1 , half that required to erode the same percentage of faecal pellets produced on the N and S diets. Pseudofaeces generally eroded over a similar but wider range of u * , and the differences between the 3 diets were less distinctive than for faecal pellets.These results emphasise that mussel biodeposit dispersal (and hence the flux to the benthos) depends on the available diet and mussel size and thus could differ significantly between locations, seasons and the size structure of the population.

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Section: Predicting Biodeposit Sinking Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet on sinking rates and erosion thresholds of mussel Perna canaliculus biodeposits

Giles¹,

Pilditch²

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Given the likelihood of abiotic causes of mortality, but the lack of a topography-related pattern in mortality (which would have suggested an effect of wave force), heat stress and desiccation stress are the most probable causes of mortality in the present study. In terms of experimental technique, the most enduring problem with studies of post-settlement mortality is the separation of settler migration from actual mortality (Gosselin & Qian 1997, Cole et al 2000. None of the methods outlined in the introduction are able to make this separation, and the method used in the present study is no exception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, standard techniques of mapping or photographing experimental plates, such as are used for barnacles (Gosselin & Qian 1997), cannot be employed. Traditional cohort monitoring, or variants of this technique, have been used with some success, finding high rates of mussel mortality within various sampling intervals (Moreno 1995, Cole et al 2000, McQuaid & Phillips 2007, Peteiro et al 2007.Although previous methods of marking or tagging mussel settlers in the numbers necessary for meaningful experimentation have proved unsuccessful (Seed 1969), recent advances, such as the use of calcein staining, have made this method one of the most reliable (Phillips 2002(Phillips , 2004. Staining methods, however, retain the problem of separating emigration derived losses from actual mortality.…”

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confidence: 99%

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New estimates of early post-settlement mortality for intertidal mussels show no relationship with meso-scale coastline topographic features

Med¹,

Porri²,

McQuaid³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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For organisms with planktonic larvae, the early post-settlement stage is a particularly vulnerable one, likely to influence distribution patterns in subsequent life stages. Although substantial post-settlement mortality is well known in several marine invertebrate taxa (e.g. barnacles), few estimates exist for benthic invertebrates, such as mussels, that have mobile settlers. Furthermore, estimates of early post-settlement mortality (within 2 d of settlement) are sparse for most groups. In addressing the difficulties involved with quantifying early mortality of mobile settlers, the present study builds on a sequential-deployment method to estimate the post-settlement mortality of the intertidal mussel Perna perna. Trials were run at 16 sites, split evenly between bay and open coast locations, and were repeated over 2 sampling cycles. By comparing post-settlement mortality estimates from bays and open coast sites, we investigated whether such topographic features produce differential mortality. Post-settlement mortality estimates showed substantial levels of mortality but did not differ significantly between bay and open coast sites. Early post-settlement mortality (i.e. mortality of primary settlers up to 2 d old) ranged from 31 to 94% but averaged 54 and 64% in the 2 sampling cycles. Estimates of total post-settlement mortality (i.e. inclusive of primary and secondary settlers) had a similar range and averaged 66% in Cycle 1 and 67% in Cycle 2. Apart from confirming significant mortality rates of early mussel settlers, these findings suggest that intertidal abundance patterns of recruits and adults, often associated with topographic features of coastlines, are more likely a result of initial settlement patterns than of differences in post-settlement mortality.KEY WORDS: Post-settlement mortality · Coastline topography · Bays · Perna perna · Intertidal mussels · Pelagic-benthic coupling 463: 193-204, 2012 parameter to quantify, particularly for invertebrate organisms with mobile settlers. In general, monitoring of early settlers must be frequent enough to allow separation of the initial settlement pattern from the mortality-altered post-settlement pattern (Hunt & Scheibling 1997). This requirement of high frequency sampling (Minchinton & Scheibling 1993), together with the small size of early settlers makes studies of mortality within the first 24 to 48 h exceedingly difficult (Hunt & Scheibling 1997). Much of our knowledge of post-settlement processes and their importance to benthic invertebrate populations comes from the study of barnacles (Foster 1971, Connell 1985, Wethey 1985, Jarrett 2000, Chan & Williams 2003. Some direct estimates of mortality within 2 to 4 d of settlement are available for several other taxa, including ascidians, bryozoans, oysters and gastropods (Davis 1987, Stoner 1990, Ray & Stoner 1995, Gosselin & Qian 1996, Walters & Wethey 1996, Naylor & McShane 2001. For many groups, including bivalves, post-settlement mortality estimates pertain largely to older settlers and recruit...

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“…Like most urban waterways, Tauranga Harbour has had to accommodate the increase in commercial shipping associated with the port, combined with the growing population in the sub-catchments surrounding the harbour, who want marinas and easy access to the coast. Such multiple uses are not always consistent with the predevelopment ecology of this otherwise mangrove-and seagrass-lined habitat, which is well known for its shellfish beds (Cole et al 2000;Scholes et al 2009). A sound understanding of the hydrodynamic drivers is needed to predict the impact of these developments and thus inform management plans that aim to maintain the health of the estuarine system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydrodynamics of the southern basin of Tauranga Harbour

Tay

Bryan

Lange

et al. 2013

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The circulation of the southern basin of Tauranga Harbour was simulated using a 3-D hydrodynamic model ELCOM. A 9-day field campaign in 1999 provided data on current velocity, temperature and salinity profiles at three stations within the main basin. The tidal wave changed most in amplitude and speed in the constricted entrances to channels, for example the M2 tide attenuated by 10% over 500 m at the main entrance, and only an additional 17% over the 15 km to the top of the southern basin. The modelled temperature was sensitive to wind mixing, particularly in tidal flat regions. Residence times ranged from 3 to 8 days, with higher residence times occurring in sub-estuaries with constricted mouths. The typical annual storm events were predicted to reduce the residence times by 24%Á39% depending on season. Model scenarios of storm discharge events in the Wairoa River varying from 41.69 m 3 /s to 175.9 m 3 /s show that these events can cause salinity gradients across the harbour of up to 4 PSU.

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Assemblage structure, spatial patterns, recruitment, and post‐settlement mortality of subtidal bivalve molluscs in a large harbour in north‐eastern New Zealand

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of diet on sinking rates and erosion thresholds of mussel Perna canaliculus biodeposits

Effects of diet on sinking rates and erosion thresholds of mussel Perna canaliculus biodeposits

New estimates of early post-settlement mortality for intertidal mussels show no relationship with meso-scale coastline topographic features

The hydrodynamics of the southern basin of Tauranga Harbour

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