Assembling of three-dimensional crystals by optical depletion force induced by a single focused laser beam

Deng, Haixiao; Li, Guang-Can; Liu, Haiying; Dai, Qiao-Feng; Wu, Lijun; Lan, Sheng; Achanta, Venu Gopal; Trofimov, Vyacheslav A.; Lysak, Tatiana M.

doi:10.1364/oe.20.009616

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Compared with nanoparticles, microparticles do not self-assemble into high-quality crystals as easily, and defects are common. Hence, it is necessary to direct assembly by using an external force [49][50][51][52] (FIG. 2ad) or different liquid solvents (FIG.…”

Section: Colloidal Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uniformsized spheres with different softnesses can pack into another type of disordered crystal with perfect lattices and glassy behaviour [47,48].Compared with nanoparticles, microparticles do not self-assemble into high-quality crystals as easily, and defects are common. Hence, it is necessary to direct assembly by using an external force [49][50][51][52] (FIG. 2ad) or different liquid solvents (FIG.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assembly and phase transitions of colloidal crystals

2016

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Micrometre-sized colloidal particles can be viewed as large atoms with tailorable size, shape and interactions. These building blocks can assemble into extremely rich structures and phases, in which the thermal motions of particles can be directly imaged and tracked using optical microscopy. Hence, colloidal particles are excellent model systems for studying phase transitions, especially for poorly understood kinetic and non-equilibrium microscale processes. Advances in colloid fabrication, assembly and computer simulations have opened up numerous possibilities for such research. In this Review, we describe recent progress in the study of colloidal crystals composed of tunable isotropic spheres, anisotropic particles and active particles. We focus on advances in crystallization, melting and solidsolid transitions, and highlight challenges and future perspectives in phase-transition studies within colloidal crystals.Micrometre-sized colloidal particles can assemble into numerous structures and phases (FIG.1), and are excellent model systems for the study of phase transitions [1-6] because their thermal motions can be directly visualized by optical video microscopy [7] and tracked by image processing [8]. By contrast, the small spatial and timescales of atomic motions make the microscopic kinetics during phase transitions difficult to resolve.Phase transitions are ubiquitous in nature and industry, and have an important role in materials science, statistical physics, cosmology, biophysics, chemistry and earth science. They depend strongly on dimensionality, surface properties, defects, heating and cooling rates, and external fields. Phase transitions can be classified into first-, secondand infinite-order (in which the free energy is an infinitely differentiable exponential function such as the Koster-litzThouless (KT) transition). The equilibrium behaviour of continuous phase transitions, including second-and infinite-order transitions, can be well described theoretically; however, the fundamental theory to describe first-order phase transitions is lacking. The kinetics of first-order and continuous phase transitions are difficult to predict [9].Colloidal particles can be viewed as large atoms with tailorable size, shape and interactions [6]. Although colloids and atoms differ in some aspects (BOX 1), their phase transitions share many similarities; for example, they both follow classical nucleation theory (CNT) at weak supersaturations [10] and deviate from CNT at strong supersaturations [11]. Hence, colloids can provide general information about phase transitions [4][5][6]. Besides being important as micrometre-scale analogues of atoms, colloids are interesting in their own right. In the past two decades, colloidal model systems have provided vital insights into the microscopic kinetics of melting, crystallization, glass transitions and solid solid transitions. Recent breakthroughs in colloidal fabrication, assembly and computer simulations open new opportunities for phase-transition studies. Comparison between ...

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Section: Colloidal Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Assembly and phase transitions of colloidal crystals

2016

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“…Although plasmonic tweezers can provide the same trapping force as conventional optical tweezers with less laser power, the complexity and cost of SERS measurements increase when nanofabricated plasmonic substrates are used to trap nanoparticles. Nanomanipulation methods based on thermal convection and thermophoresis, which is the phenomenon about the migrations of particles in a temperature gradient, have also been utilized to accumulate microspheres, nanoparticles, and molecules, and the roles of thermophoresis and convection in plasmonic trapping have been investigated . While thermophoresis‐ and convection‐based particle manipulation methods have not been widely used for SERS, the temperature gradient generated by the photothermal effect on an SERS substrate was found to be able to affect the distribution of DNA molecules around the laser spot .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and Reversible Accumulation of Plasmonic Core‐Satellite Nanostructures in a Light‐Induced Temperature Gradient for In Situ SERS Detection

Kang¹,

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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A surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection method that allows dynamic on‐demand generation of SERS substrates at locations of interest for in situ molecular sensing is demonstrated. Thermal convection and thermophoresis, which are both generated in a laser‐induced temperature gradient, are used to accumulate suspended plasmonic nanostructures to form 3D SERS substrate. Raman signals of melamine, which is used as a model analyte, increase to ≈117‐fold within 2 min of laser irradiation because of the accumulation. In addition, it is demonstrated that the accumulation of the nanostructures is reversible, and that reproducible SERS effects can be obtained during a repeated heating and cooling process. Because of the capability of on‐demand generation of a high density of SERS hot spots at different locations in solution, this particle manipulation and SERS detection method is applicable to monitor temporal and spatial variations of the concentrations of molecules. The complexity of the detection system remains the same when using this method since all the measurements are performed with a conventional Raman system and simple fluid channels. The required temperature gradient is generated by the laser used to excite Raman signals, and no nanofabricated substrates and complicated microfluidic or optical components are needed.

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“…On the other hand, assemblies of particles can also be created on the basis of colloidal interactions 28–30. Zeolite L crystals are aluminosilicates that present a net negative charge at their surface, compensated by the presence of cations within their structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, our approach also enables the construction of 3D structures as shown in Figure , opening the possibility of constructing, for example, photonic band‐gap materials 28, 30, 39. A “tower” of six zeolite L crystals built on a glass substrate is presented.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optical‐Tweezers Assembly‐Line for the Construction of Complex Functional Zeolite L Structures

Veiga-Gutiérrez¹,

Woerdemann

Prasetyanto³

et al. 2012

Advanced Materials

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An optical‐tweezers assembly‐line is presented, which has high potential for the construction of complex structures of zeolite L crystals and other microscopic building blocks. Different examples of assembled 2D and 3D zeolite structures are discussed. These include well‐oriented monolayers, microtowers, and angle‐aligned dye‐loaded zeolites, which suggests exciting applications, for example as microscopic polarization sensors.

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Assembling of three-dimensional crystals by optical depletion force induced by a single focused laser beam

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Assembly and phase transitions of colloidal crystals

Assembly and phase transitions of colloidal crystals

Dynamic and Reversible Accumulation of Plasmonic Core‐Satellite Nanostructures in a Light‐Induced Temperature Gradient for In Situ SERS Detection

Optical‐Tweezers Assembly‐Line for the Construction of Complex Functional Zeolite L Structures

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