Assembly and evaluation of a pyroelectric detector bonded to vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes over thin silicon

Theocharous, E; Theocharous, S.; Lehman, John H.

doi:10.1364/ao.52.008054

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As such, a device coated with a Vertically Aligned Nanotube Array (VANTA) developed at NIST was used as the optical power standard. VANTA coatings show superior spectral uniformity in the VIS-FIR regime [17] and thereby permit a calibration performed against a primary laboratory standard at an arbitrary wavelength to serve as a standard at another arbitrary wavelength, with corrections for the small spectral variation and uncertainty contribution of the VANTA coating measurement.…”

Section: Beam Power : Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of differential polarizabilities at a mid-infrared wavelength in $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^+$

Baynham,

Curtis,

Godun

et al. 2018

Preprint

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An atom exposed to an electric field will experience Stark shifts of its internal energy levels, proportional to their polarizabilities. In optical frequency metrology, the Stark shift due to background black-body radiation (BBR) modifies the frequency of the optical clock transition, and often represents a large contribution to a clock's uncertainty budget. For clocks based on singly-ionized ytterbium, the ion's complex structure makes this shift difficult to calculate theoretically. We present a measurement of the differential polarizabilities of two ultra-narrow optical clock transitions present in 171 Yb + , performed by exposing the ion to an oscillating electric field at a wavelength in the region of room temperature BBR spectra. By measuring the frequency shift to the transitions caused by a laser at λ = 7.17 µm, we obtain values for scalar and tensor differential polarizabilities with uncertainties at the percent level for both the electric quadrupole and octupole transitions at 436 nm and 467 nm respectively. These values agree with previously reported experimental measurements and, in the case of the electric quadrupole transition, allow a 5-fold improvement in the determination of the room-temperature BBR shift.

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Section: Beam Power : Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of differential polarizabilities at a mid-infrared wavelength in $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^+$

Baynham,

Curtis,

Godun

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…In recent years, researchers have begun to explore new types of infrared absorption structures and materials, such as plasma surface resonance structures [11], nanoparticles [12] and carbon nanotube arrays [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Suen et al prepared electrode resonance structures on LiNbO 3 substrates, similar to optical resonators [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jönsson et al used in situ laser reflectivity measurements to monitor the growth of MWCNT films during plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) [16]. Theocharous fabricated a 150 μm thick CNT array on a 60 μm thick pyroelectric single-crystal LiTaO 3 [17]. The resulting pyroelectric infrared detector achieved a uniform responsivity in the spectral range of 0.8-24 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature grown vertically aligned carbon nanotube array for an optimal infrared bolometer

et al. 2021

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Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays have been explored as an absorber of thermal-type photodetectors. A long and dense VACNT array absorbs a wide spectral range of incident light with high absorption rate, but has a high thermal mass that results in a low response speed. To achieve a small thermal mass, a shorter and less dense VACNT array is needed. In addition, the high temperature needed to grow the VACNTs is detrimental to the functional sensing materials of the photodetector. The height, density, and growth temperature of VACNTs need to be optimized to achieve a working absorber that has high absorption rate and a high response speed. In this work, a low-temperature plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process is used to prepare various VACNT arrays with different heights and densities by controlling the CNT growth parameters. The absorption coefficients of the resulting samples are measured with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. An effective medium theory (EMT) is adopted to establish a working model of the VACNTs. Using experimentally extracted CNT density and height as fitting parameters, the EMT model is fitted to obtain theoretical absorption coefficients, which are found to be comparable to the experimentally measured absorption coefficients. Our experimental and theoretical investigations pave the way for future studies to integrate CNTs with infrared photodetectors.

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“…It has been well recognized that spectral emissivity (absorptivity) of a vertically aligned CNT array is almost unity over a broad wavelength range [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Therefore, an aligned CNT array is considered an ideal optical/thermal absorption coating media for blackbody cavities [11], thermal/infrared detectors [12,13], solar thermal absorbers [14], and baffles in optical instruments such as cameras and astronomical telescopes [15]. A generic method to fabricate substrates covered with aligned CNT arrays is chemical vapor deposition (CVD) because of its several merits such as its capability to produce dense and uniform CNT arrays with good adhesion to the substrates at low cost [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel growth method of carbon nanotubes using catalyst-support layer developed by alumina grit blasting

Watanabe

Ishii

Ota³

2016

Nanotechnology

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We propose an efficient method of growing carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays on a variety of metals, alloys, and carbon materials using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) assisted by a simple surface treatment of the materials. The main feature of this method is the application of grit blasting with fine alumina particles to the development of a catalyst-support layer required for the growth of CNTs on various conductive materials, including ultra-hard metals such as tungsten. Auger electron spectroscopy shows that grit blasting can form a non-continuous layer where alumina nanoparticles are embedded as residues in the blasting media left on the treated surfaces. This work reveals that such a non-continuous alumina layer can behave as the catalyst-support layer, which is generally prepared by sputter or a vacuum evaporation coating process that considerably restricts the practical applications of CNTs. We have attempted to grow CNTs on grit-blasted substrates of eighteen conventionally used conductive materials using CVD together with a floating iron catalyst. The proposed method was successful in growing multi-walled CNT arrays on the grit-blasted surfaces of all the examined materials, demonstrating its versatility. Furthermore, we found that the group IV metal oxide films thermally grown on the as-received substrates can support the catalytic activity of iron nanoparticles in the CVD process just as well as the alumina film developed by grit blasting. Spectral emissivity of the CNT arrays in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges has been determined to assess the applicability of the CNT arrays as a black coating media.

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Assembly and evaluation of a pyroelectric detector bonded to vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes over thin silicon

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Measurement of differential polarizabilities at a mid-infrared wavelength in $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^+$

Measurement of differential polarizabilities at a mid-infrared wavelength in $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^+$

Low-temperature grown vertically aligned carbon nanotube array for an optimal infrared bolometer

Novel growth method of carbon nanotubes using catalyst-support layer developed by alumina grit blasting

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