Assembly of BaTiO₃ Nanocrystals into Macroscopic Aerogel Monoliths with High Surface Area

Abstract

Aerogels with their low density and high surface area are fascinating materials. However, their advantageous morphology is still far from being fully exploited owing to their limited compositional variety and low crystallinity. Replacing the sol-gel process by a particle-based assembly route is a powerful alternative to expand the accessible functionalities of aerogels. A strategy is presented for the controlled destabilization of concentrated dispersions of BaTiO3 nanoparticles, resulting in the assembly of the fully crystalline building blocks into cylindrically shaped monolithic gels, thereby combining the inherent properties of ternary oxides with the highly porous microstructure of aerogels. The obtained aerogels showed an unprecedentedly high surface area of over 300 m(2) g(-1).

Modern Inorganic Aerogels

“…[146] First they produced as table sol of the particles in ethanol that could be destabilized by changing the solvent polarity through the addition of water. [146] First they produced as table sol of the particles in ethanol that could be destabilized by changing the solvent polarity through the addition of water.…”

“…In subsequent work Niederberger and co-workers showed the gelation of pre-formed BaTiO 3 nanoparticles. [146] First they produced as table sol of the particles in ethanol that could be destabilized by changing the solvent polarity through the addition of water. Thef inal monolithic gel can be transformed to an aerogel by supercritical drying.…”

Engineering Ordered and Nonordered Porous Noble Metal Nanostructures: Synthesis, Assembly, and Their Applications in Electrochemistry

“…2,153 Aerogels, a unique class of materials with low density, high porosity, and high surface area, are well-known for their extraordinary physical and chemical properties, which are usually associated with macroscale self-assembly. 154,155 Currently, the vast majority of work is dedicated to silica and other metal oxidebased aerogels and thus does not provide a large range of functionalities. Many preparation techniques were developed to incorporate other functional units, endowing the new functionalities of the composites aerogels.…”

Moderne Anorganische Aerogele

“…[146] Zuerst wurde dabei ein stabiles Sol der Partikel in Ethanol generiert, das durch die mittels Wasserzugabe hervorgerufene ¾nderung der Lçsungsmittelpolaritätd estabilisiert werden Niederberger et al konnten ihren thermisch induzierten Gelbildungsansatz außerdem auf Antimon-dotierte Oxidaerogele ausweiten. [146] Zuerst wurde dabei ein stabiles Sol der Partikel in Ethanol generiert, das durch die mittels Wasserzugabe hervorgerufene ¾nderung der Lçsungsmittelpolaritätd estabilisiert werden Niederberger et al konnten ihren thermisch induzierten Gelbildungsansatz außerdem auf Antimon-dotierte Oxidaerogele ausweiten.…”

“…In einer anschließenden Arbeit zeigte die Gruppe die Gelbildung von vorab gebildeten BaTiO 3 -Nanopartikeln. [146] Zuerst wurde dabei ein stabiles Sol der Partikel in Ethanol generiert, das durch die mittels Wasserzugabe hervorgerufene ¾nderung der Lçsungsmittelpolaritätd estabilisiert werden Niederberger et al konnten ihren thermisch induzierten Gelbildungsansatz außerdem auf Antimon-dotierte Oxidaerogele ausweiten. [147,148] Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der fertigen Gele kann durch die Anpassung des Antimongehaltes und postsynthetische Behandlungen wie Te mpern und UV-Härtung signifikant verbessert werden.…”