Assembly of Borromean rings from DNA

Mao, Chengde; Sun, Wenhuan; Seeman, Nadrian C.

doi:10.1038/386137b0

Cited by 310 publications

(246 citation statements)

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“…DNA, however, is a robust biopolymer that, through Watson-Crick base pairing and the multitude of sequences that can be formulated, might yield self-assembled protein scaffolds. Indeed, DNA has been used for the organization of proteins (9,10) and elegant, topologically complex 3D architectures, such as Borromean rings (11), nanotubes (12), [2]catenanes (13), 2D tilings (14)(15)(16)(17)(18), and chains (19), onto which nanoparticles (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) and proteins (19,20,(29)(30)(31)(32) have been tethered by using complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), biotin-streptavidin interactions, or gold-thiol bonds. These studies, however, have been limited to the immobilization of a single biomolecule or nanoparticle onto the scaffold or require multistep protocols to organize more than one nanomaterial onto the template.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

Weizmann

Braunschweig

Wilner

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A unique DNA scaffold was prepared for the one-step self-assembly of hierarchical nanostructures onto which multiple proteins or nanoparticles are positioned on a single template with precise relative spatial orientation. The architecture is a topologically complex ladder-shaped polycatenane in which the ''rungs'' of the ladder are used to bring together the individual rings of the mechanically interlocked structure, and the ''rails'' are available for hierarchical assembly, whose effectiveness has been demonstrated with proteins, complementary DNA, and gold nanoparticles. The ability of this template to form from linear monomers and simultaneously bind two proteins was demonstrated by chemical force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Finally, fluorescence resonance energy transfer between adjacent fluorophores confirmed the programmed spatial arrangement between two different nanomaterials. DNA templates that bring together multiple nanostructures with precise spatial control have applications in catalysis, biosensing, and nanomaterials design.chemical force microscopy ͉ proteins ͉ wires ͉ nanoparticle ͉ catenane V ersatile scaffolds for the immobilization of proteins and other nanosized objects are targets of intensive research in the broader field of nanotechnology because of their potential applications (1) in the areas of catalysis, biosensing, and nanomaterials. In nature, complex catalytic cascades, such as the Krebs cycle (2), photosynthesis (3), or glycolysis (4), involve multiple proteins assembled with exact relative spatial orientations to facilitate cooperative binding, to facilitate electron or energy transfer, and to optimize substrate conversion. Enzymatic cascades that are used industrially (5-7) could also benefit from such closely arranged proteins if a template with the ability to fix precisely various proteins were available. Although functional synthetic polymers (8) are potential matrices for forming useful scaffolds, this approach is limited by polymer compatibility with biomolecules and the flexibility of the polymerization protocol to synthesize macromolecules that controllably bind multiple proteins. DNA, however, is a robust biopolymer that, through Watson-Crick base pairing and the multitude of sequences that can be formulated, might yield self-assembled protein scaffolds. Indeed, DNA has been used for the organization of proteins (9, 10) and elegant, topologically complex 3D architectures, such as Borromean rings (11), nanotubes (12), [2]catenanes (13), 2D tilings (14-18), and chains (19), onto which nanoparticles (20-28) and proteins (19,20,(29)(30)(31)(32) have been tethered by using complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), biotin-streptavidin interactions, or gold-thiol bonds. These studies, however, have been limited to the immobilization of a single biomolecule or nanoparticle onto the scaffold or require multistep protocols to organize more than one nanomaterial onto the template. Results and DiscussionsIn this report, we desc...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

Weizmann

Braunschweig

Wilner

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Seeman and colleagues pioneered the work employing DNA as a structural material in creating nanodevices (Seeman 1981, Seeman 1982, and reported designs of nano-scale structures such as rings (Mao et al 1997), cubes (Chen & Seeman 1991), and octahedral (Zhang & Seeman 1994). More investigators joined the effort stimulating the emergence of structural DNA nanotechnology (Douglas et al 2009, Rothemund 2006, Seeman 2007, Yurke et al 2000, particularly aptamers, DNAzymes, and molecular beacon (Condon 2006, Lu & Liu 2006).…”

Section: Current Dna Based Macro-materials and Applications In Biologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of DNA Based Active Macro–Materials for Biology and Medicine: A Review

Jiang¹,

Yurke²,

Verma³

et al. 2011

Biomaterials Science and Engineering

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“…The reproducibility and programmability of the Watson-Crick base pairs of DNA can be exploited (Seeman 1998) to design wholly synthetic strands of DNA, which, under the appropriate conditions, can be ligated and cyclized to form knots and links. The group of Seeman have blazed a trail in this area, with some highlights being DNA versions of (i) a 790 kDa-truncated octahedron that corresponds to a [14]catenane (Zhang & Seeman 1994), (ii) the Borromean rings (Mao et al 1997), and (iii) trefoil and figure of eight knots, prepared from one single strand of DNA ligated under different conditions (Du et al 1995). These examples are only a selection of a series of remarkable synthetic accomplishments, which are not, however, scalable in the manner of the chemically derived species listed previously.…”

Section: Chemical Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

2012

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The chemistry of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), in which two or more covalently linked components are held together by mechanical bonds, has led to the coining of the term mechanostereochemistry to describe a new field of chemistry that embraces many aspects of MIMs, including their syntheses, properties, topologies where relevant and functions where operative. During the rapid development and emergence of the field, the synthesis of MIMs has witnessed the forsaking of the early and grossly inefficient statistical approaches for template-directed protocols, aided and abetted by molecular recognition processes and the tenets of self-assembly. The resounding success of these synthetic protocols, based on templation, has facilitated the design and construction of artificial molecular switches and machines, resulting more and more in the creation of integrated functional systems. This review highlights (i) the range of template-directed synthetic methods being used currently in the preparation of MIMs; (ii) the syntheses of topologically complex knots and links in the form of stable molecular compounds; and (iii) the incorporation of bistable MIMs into many different device settings associated with surfaces, nanoparticles and solid-state materials in response to the needs of particular applications that are perceived to be fair game for mechanostereochemistry.

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Assembly of Borromean rings from DNA

Cited by 310 publications

References 9 publications

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

Development of DNA Based Active Macro–Materials for Biology and Medicine: A Review

Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond

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