Assembly of Neuroscience to the model of mind

Abstract

Currently, there are several mind models developed as cognitive architectures and their main focus is to explain mind functions. However, few architectures explain the neural basis of the mind. Also, neuroscience explains the neural basis of the brain and is directly related to the mind. The study objective was to identify a mind model with a neural basis established in the model. Therefore, the study uses a systematic review of existing literature to find a mental model with a neural basis. There are 300 articles identified in searching databases of PUBMED and Google Scholar. After duplicated removal, initial screening was done using an independent reviewer and remaining full-text articles were submitted to eligibility assessment. From the assessed full-text articles, 9 full-text articles were selected for synthesis. From those selected architectures, considering the richness of mental functions and richness of neurological assemblies, features of the architectures op of ACT-R (Adaptive control of thoughts – Rational) cognitive architecture, Leabra cognitive architecture and an embodied cognitive-affective architecture select for inclusion in the final model. The central structure of the mind is the amygdala. It gets sensory inputs through the sensory cortex and external stimuli through the thalamus. It processes those inputs using working memory as mPFC and dLPFC. After processing, the amygdala provides output as behavior. Also, brain structures of the partial cortex, cortex, para hippo cortex, perirhinal cortex, entorhinal cortex, subiculum, dentate gyrus, CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus are used for memory encoding, memory retrieval, and critical learning. Overall, the posterior cortex processes the sensory and semantic information. The hippocampus works as episodic memory. The frontal cortex works as active maintenance of the thinking process. The basal ganglia works as action selection and the main part of the thinking process. This reveals the mind model with neurological circuit assemblies to it. The final model will limit to features of the currently existing literature.

Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) – The Search for Causes and the Impact of Its Politicization

“…These results are consistent with experimental studies on effluent from reverse-osmosis of drinking water (Imbulana et al 2020), and on studies of CKDu in Moneragala, Sri Lanka (Liyanage et al 2022) where higher concentrations of Mg 2+ & Fions were found in CKDu-associated water sources. In contrast, a factor-analysis study (Paranagama etal 2018) claimed stronger correlation between F -& Na + than with F -& Mg ++ in CKDu-linked water sources.…”