Assembly of pseudorabies virus genome-based transfer vehicle carrying major antigen sites of S gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: Potential perspective for developing live vector vaccines

Abstract

Two severe porcine infectious diseases, pseudorabies (PR) and transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) respectively often result in serious economic loss in animal husbandry worldwide. Vaccination is the important prevention means against both infections. To achieve a PRV genome-based virus live vector, aiming at further TGEV/PRV bivalent vaccine development, a recombinant plasmid pUG was constructed via inserting partial PK and full-length gG genes of PRV strain Bartha K-61 amplified into pUC119 vector. In parallel, another recombinant pHS was generated by introducing a fragment designated S1 encoding the major antigen sites of S gene from TGEV strain TH-98 into a prokaryotic expression vector pP(RO)EX HTc. The SV40 polyA sequence was then inserted into the downstream of S1 fragment of pHS. The continuous region containing S1fragment, SV40 polyA and four single restriction enzyme sites digested from pHS was subcloned into the downstream of gG promoter of pUG. In addition, a LacZ reporter gene was introduced into the universal transfer vector named pUGS-LacZ. Subsequently, a PRV genome-based virus live vector was generated via homologous recombination. The functionally effective vector was purified and partially characterized. Moreover, the potential advantages of this system are discussed.

Targeting the porcine immune system—Particulate vaccines in the 21st century

“…2). Moreover, the immunomodulatory capacity of adenoviruses has been demonstrated using murine bone mar- [194] row-derived DC, in terms of maturation of the DC [42][43][44][45][46], phenotypic modification [42,47,48], and cytokine induction [42,[45][46][47][48][49]. Related to this, Miller et al [43] noted that the induced maturation of DC depended on virus entry rather than transcription of the viral genome, while Molinier-Frenkel et al [44] identified the penton capsomer and the fibre protein (and its knob domain) as major inducers of DC maturation.…”

Antigen delivery systems for veterinary vaccine development

“…Consequently, development of PRV-based vector vaccines was only recently resumed. Publications originate mainly from research institutes in China and report PRV recombinants expressing antigens from Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) [109], FMDV [110] porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) [111][112][113], transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) [114], porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) [115], FMDV plus porcine parvovirus (PPV) [116], rabies virus [117] and H3N2 swine influenza virus [118]. Data on vaccination/challenge experiments of these potential vaccine candidates are available for the recombinants expressing NS1 of JEV [109] VP1 of FMDV [110], GP5 of PRRSV [111][112][113], and haemagglutinin H3 of swine influenza virus [118].…”

Preparation and Characterization of Polyclonal Antibody Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus Spike Protein

“…(2) The SARS-CoV genome contains five major open reading frames (ORF) that encode the replicase polyprotein; the spike (S), envelope (E), and membrane (M) glycoproteins; and the nucleocapsid protein (N). (3) The coronavirus S protein plays important roles in inducing the neutralizing antibody, (4)(5)(6)(7) interaction with specific cellular receptors, (8)(9)(10) host cell tropism, (11,12) hemagglutination, and sialic acid binding activity. (13,14) In addition, the S protein has been shown to be a virulence factor in various coronaviruses.…”