Assessing African medicinal plants for efficacy and safety: pharmacological screening and toxicology

Fennell, Catherine; Lindsey, K.L.; McGaw, Lyndy Joy; Sparg, S.G.; Stafford, G.I.; Elgorashi, E.E.; Grace, Olwen M.; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.05.012

Cited by 336 publications

(228 citation statements)

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“…The use of herbal extracts may also satisfy the increasing concerns of consumers, on condition that they prove to be both safe and effective. South Africa possesses an enormous diversity of plant resources, which has yielded many examples of useful bioactive compounds ([Van Wyk, 2002] and [Fennell et al, 2004]). We discuss the in vivo effect of four herbal extracts prepared from South African plants on artificially induced coccidial infection in 2-week-old broiler chickens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

Naidoo

McGaw

Bisschop

et al. 2008

Veterinary Parasitology

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151

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Coccidiosis remains one of the most important diseases in the poultry industry and results in the annual loss of millions of US dollars by the poultry industry. In South Africa and other developing countries where a large percentage of the population is unemployed, cheap food production is necessary. If the control of the coccidian parasite could be made more economical, these savings could be passed on to the consumer. In Europe, where the economics are different, people are becoming more aware of the potential dangers of using antimicrobials in producing animal protein. A solution to both these problems could be the use of plant products that function by mechanisms other than those of chemotherapeutics, with the additional advantage of a natural origin. Antioxidant compounds could hold promise for the control of Eimeria infections due to the association of coccidial infection with lipid peroxidation of the intestinal mucosa. Four plant extracts with antioxidant activity were screened for their anticoccidial activity in vivo with toltrazuril as the positive control. Combretum woodii (160 mg/kg) proved to be extremely toxic to the birds, while treatment with Tulbaghia violacea (35 mg/kg), Vitis vinifera (75 mg/kg) and Artemisia afra (150 mg/kg) resulted in feed conversion ratios similar to toltrazuril, and higher than the untreated control. T. violacea also significantly decreased the oocyst production in the birds. From this study we conclude that antioxidant-rich plant extracts have potential benefits in treating coccidial infections. The promising results obtained with T. violacea justify further studies on the potential value of the plant as a therapeutic or prophylactic anticoccidial agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

Naidoo

McGaw

Bisschop

et al. 2008

Veterinary Parasitology

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151

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“…Este comportamento vem chamando a atenção da comunidade científi-ca no sentido de comprovar a eficácia e promover o uso seguro desses recursos naturais. 1 Vale ressaltar que as plantas são fontes naturais de uma infinidade de substâncias químicas que são biossintetizadas com várias finalidades, entre elas, protegê-las contra predadores ou atrair polinizadores. 2 Estudos realizados com espécies de Croton relatam a presença de alcalóides, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] flavonóides, 12 esteróides e triterpenóides, 12,13 saponinas 14,15 e taninos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diterpenos casbanos e acetofenonas de Croton nepetaefolius (Euphorbiaceae)

Santos¹,

Mesquita²,

Lemos³

et al. 2008

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 4/6/07; aceito em 6/9/07; publicado na web em 26/2/08 CASBANE DITERPENES AND ACETOPHENONES OF Croton nepetaefolius (EUPHORBIACEAE). Croton nepetaefolius is an aromatic plant native to the northeast of Brazil where it is extensively used in folk medicine as a sedative, orexigen and antispasmodic agent. The present work deals with the chromatographic analysis of the ethanolic extract of Croton nepetaefolius stalk. It allowed the isolation and characterization of two diterpenoids named 1,4-dihydroxy-2E,6E,12E-trien-5-one-casbane and 4-hydroxy-2E,6E,12E-5-one-casbane, two acetophenones named 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone and 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone and the steroids 3-O-β-D-glucopiranosylsitosterol and a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Structural elucidation was done on the basis of spectral data, mainly high field NMR and EIMS.Keywords: casbane diterpenoid; acetophenones; Croton nepetaefolius. INTRODUÇÃOO uso de plantas com fins terapêuticos é uma tradição milenar presente nas culturas de várias nações constituindo, ainda hoje, um recurso alternativo de grande aceitação, não somente nos centros urbanos, mas sobretudo nas pequenas comunidades rurais. Este comportamento vem chamando a atenção da comunidade científi-ca no sentido de comprovar a eficácia e promover o uso seguro desses recursos naturais.1 Vale ressaltar que as plantas são fontes naturais de uma infinidade de substâncias químicas que são biossintetizadas com várias finalidades, entre elas, protegê-las contra predadores ou atrair polinizadores.

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“…Traditional medicinal plants have received recognition and patronage especially in the treatment of mental and psychiatric illnesses (Magaji et al, 2008) where many of them are often toxic (Igoli et al, 2005). Most of the reported poisoning cases from traditional medicines have been attributed to misidentification of the form in which they are identified, prepared and even administration by incompetent personnel (Fennell et al, 2004). In view of the foregoing facts, an ethno-botanical survey of the used medicinal plants in the management of depression among Hausa tribes of Kaduna State, Nigeria was conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used for the management of depression by Hausa tribes of Kaduna State, Nigeria

Shehu¹,

Magaji²,

Ya’u³

et al. 2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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The objective of this study is to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in management of depression among Hausa tribes in order to establish an informational data base. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in December 2015 in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Data were collected based on an oral interview with the aid of semi structured questionnaire. Only data from willing respondents were obtained and documented. Plant specimens were collected along the line, they were subsequently dried and mounted. It was then taken for identification and authentication in the Herbarium Section of Biological Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria where specimen voucher numbers were deposited. Information on sources, safety, methods of preparation and administrations, identity, local and botanical names of medicinal plants used in the management of depression among Hausa tribe of Kaduna State was obtained. An informational database was established and specimen with voucher numbers was deposited in the herbarium.

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Assessing African medicinal plants for efficacy and safety: pharmacological screening and toxicology

Cited by 336 publications

References 100 publications

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

Diterpenos casbanos e acetofenonas de Croton nepetaefolius (Euphorbiaceae)

Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used for the management of depression by Hausa tribes of Kaduna State, Nigeria

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