Assessing aquifer vulnerability from lumped parameter modeling of modern water proportions in groundwater mixtures: Application to California's South Coast Range

Using water isotopes and hydrogeochemical evidences to characterize groundwater age and recharge rate in the Zhangjiakou area, North China

“…When the exponential-piston flow model is used to calculate the mean residence time, the unknown parameters need to be determined first, which is done by the lumped parameter method. Simulations are calibrated to fit the measured 3 H output composition (Jurgens et al, 2016;Chatterjee et al, 2018;Hagedorn et al, 2018). This can be accomplished by numerically integrating the convolution integral (Equation 1).…”

Constraining the Spatial Distribution of Tritium in Groundwater Across South Africa

“…Progress in the field of spatial isotope statistics has validated the use of environmental isotopes in a myriad of applications (West et al., 2009). Conservative tracers (e.g., stable isotopes) of the hydrological cycle can determine spatial variations in recharge rates and zones (Vengosh et al., 2002), water‐rock interaction (Gillon et al., 2009), pollution potential (Hagedorn et al., 2018), aquifer connectivity and salinization processes (Bennetts et al., 2006). Although less common, nonconservative (e.g., radioactive isotopes) tracers have also been successfully used in spatial models to predict groundwater age distributions (Visser et al., 2016) as well as estimating the retention potential of headwater catchments (Hofmann et al., 2018).…”

“…Although less common, nonconservative (e.g., radioactive isotopes) tracers have also been successfully used in spatial models to predict groundwater age distributions (Visser et al., 2016) as well as estimating the retention potential of headwater catchments (Hofmann et al., 2018). Tritium ( 3 H), which has a half‐life of 12.312 years (Lucas & Unterweger, 2000; MacMahon, 2006), has become synonymous with modern groundwater or groundwater that has been recharged within the last ∼50–100 years (Hagedorn et al., 2018; Jasechko et al., 2017; Le Gal La Salle et al., 2001; Li et al., 2019; Palcsu et al., 2017; Samborska et al., 2013; Visser et al., 2016; Zuber et al., 2005). The popularity of methods that use 3 H was invigorated by the increase in atmospheric abundance of 3 H through thermonuclear bomb testing in the 1950s and 1960s (Schlosser et al., 1989).…”

Assessment of factors affecting the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater rated by the mean residence time estimation method

“…The eval u a tion of ground wa ter vul ner a bil ity based on a time scale, i.e. a mea sur able phys i cal pa ram e ter, al lows one to easily and clearly as sess or val i date the re sult by us ing en vi ronmen tal trac ers (Zuber et al, 2005(Zuber et al, , 2011Newman et al, 2010;Wachniew, 2015;Hagedorn et al, 2018). As so ci ated with land-use, in di cat ing po ten tial and real sources of con tam i nation, this ap proach also shows the time in which the pre ven tion mea sures can be planned and im ple mented (Bachmat and Collin, 1987).…”