Assessing Burnout and Associated Risk Factors in Medical Students

Armstrong, Misha; Reynolds, Kimberly L.

doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.019

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“… 21 , 22 However, the observation that nonclinical fellows are at risk for burnout is an important finding, as the COVID-19 literature has demonstrated mixed findings with respect to mental health among medical versus nonmedical health care workers. 12 Several studies of women trainees and physicians have demonstrated increased risk of work-related burnout 23 , 24 ; factors such as workplace bias or harassment and home or childcare responsibilities may contribute. Previous studies examining mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated that physician trainees are at least similarly 25 if not more affected 26 by the pandemic in several domains of mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on Hematology-Oncology Trainees: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Durani

Major

Velazquez

et al. 2022

JCO Oncology Practice

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PURPOSE: Graduate medical and research training has drastically changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with widespread implementation of virtual learning, redeployment from core rotations to the care of patients with COVID-19, and significant emotional and physical stressors. The specific experience of hematology-oncology (HO) fellows during the COVID-19 pandemic is not known. METHODS: We conducted a mixed-methods study using a survey of Likert-style and open-ended questions to assess the training experience and well-being of HO fellows, including both clinical and postdoctoral trainee members of the American Society of Hematology and ASCO. RESULTS: A total of 2,306 surveys were distributed by e-mail; 548 (23.8%) fellows completed the survey. Nearly 40% of fellows felt that they had not received adequate mental health support during the pandemic, and 22% reported new symptoms of burnout. Pre-existing burnout before the pandemic, COVID-19–related clinical work, and working in a primary research or nonclinical setting were associated with increased burnout on multivariable logistic regression. Qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended responses revealed significant concerns about employment after training completion, perceived variable quality of virtual education and board preparation, loss of clinical opportunities to prepare for independent clinical practice, inadequate grant funding opportunities in part because of shifting research priorities, variable productivity, and mental health or stress during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: HO fellows have been profoundly affected by the pandemic, and our data illustrate multiple avenues for fellowship programs and national organizations to support both clinical and postdoctoral trainees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on Hematology-Oncology Trainees: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Durani

Major

Velazquez

et al. 2022

JCO Oncology Practice

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“…Female students reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion (20.7% vs. 6.3%) and of depersonalization (17.8% vs. 10.7%), and lower levels of personal accomplishment (7.5% vs. 19.8%) [58]. The female gender was a significant predictor of burnout in most studies [27,28,42,49,50,62,66,67,70,73,77,78,82], with the exception of the studies by Cecil [38], Talih [56], Puranitee [64], and Qashqary [87].…”

Section: Prevalence Ratesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Burnout was assessed by means of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and its related versions (MBI-General Survey; MBI-Human Services Survey; MBI-Student Survey, 2item MBI), the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory [30,32,49,65,84,85], the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory [67,72,84], and the Burnout Measure-Short form [56]. Isaac et al [62] explored the presence of burnout in medical students during a rural placement in Australia by using a validated single-item assessment.…”

Section: Assessment Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Burnout Epidemic among Medical Students? Results from a Systematic Review

Di Vincenzo,

Arsenio,

Della Rocca

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Medical students represent the ideal target group for promoting mental health and mental wellbeing, being exposed to specific risk factors, such as the content of medical training, the exposure to sickness and death, and a stressful academic routine. Medical students report high levels of cynicism and emotional exhaustion, which represent two of the essential features of burnout syndrome. In this systematic review, studies assessing the levels of burnout among medical students through validated tools worldwide were analyzed. Materials and Methods: A systematic review has been performed in order to identify studies: (1) focusing on samples of medical students; (2) evaluating burnout syndrome using validated tools; (3) providing prevalence data on burnout; and (4) written in English. Results: Out of the 5547 papers initially obtained, 64 were finally included in the analysis. The sample sizes ranged from 51 to 2682 participants. Almost all studies had a cross-sectional design; the Maslach Burnout Inventory and its related versions were the most frequently used assessment tools. The prevalence of burnout, which was stratified based on gender and academic stage, ranged from 5.6 to 88%. Burnout was mostly predicted by thoughts of stopping medical education, negative life events, lack of support, dissatisfaction, and poor motivation. Conclusions: The prevalence of burnout syndrome in medical students is quite heterogeneous, reaching a peak of 88% in some countries. However, several predictors have been identified, including negative life events or poor motivation. These findings highlight the need to develop preventive interventions targeting the future generation of medical doctors, in order to improve their coping strategies and resilience styles.

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“…These multiple studies from Sweden examining VEGF and EGF in populations of women experiencing chronic stress and burnout are especially relevant to Black women in the United States, a population at a higher risk of experiencing burnout in their daily life and career [ 172 , 173 ].VEGF [ 174 ] and EGF [ 175 ] have both been connected with atherogenesis and CVD in mice and in humans, further indicating the importance of examining these biomarkers in relation to chronic stress and CVD outcomes.…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Stress and The Biology Of Adversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

By what molecular mechanisms do social determinants impact cardiometabolic risk?

et al. 2023

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While it is well known from numerous epidemiologic investigations that social determinants (socioeconomic, environmental, and psychosocial factors exposed to over the life-course) can dramatically impact cardiovascular health, the molecular mechanisms by which social determinants lead to poor cardiometabolic outcomes are not well understood. This review comprehensively summarizes a variety of current topics surrounding the biological effects of adverse social determinants (i.e., the biology of adversity), linking translational and laboratory studies with epidemiologic findings. With a strong focus on the biological effects of chronic stress, we highlight an array of studies on molecular and immunological signaling in the context of social determinants of health (SDoH). The main topics covered include biomarkers of sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activation, and the role of inflammation in the biology of adversity focusing on glucocorticoid resistance and key inflammatory cytokines linked to psychosocial and environmental stressors (PSES). We then further discuss the effect of SDoH on immune cell distribution and characterization by subset, receptor expression, and function. Lastly, we describe epigenetic regulation of the chronic stress response and effects of SDoH on telomere length and aging. Ultimately, we highlight critical knowledge gaps for future research as we strive to develop more targeted interventions that account for SDoH to improve cardiometabolic health for at-risk, vulnerable populations.

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Assessing Burnout and Associated Risk Factors in Medical Students

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Impact of COVID-19 on Hematology-Oncology Trainees: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Impact of COVID-19 on Hematology-Oncology Trainees: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Is There a Burnout Epidemic among Medical Students? Results from a Systematic Review

By what molecular mechanisms do social determinants impact cardiometabolic risk?

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