Assessing changes to ecosystem structure and function following invasion by Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis: a meta-analysis

Wails, Christy N.; Baker, Kaleb; Blackburn, Ryan C.; Vallé, Antonio Del; Heise, Jeff; Herakovich, Heather; Holthuijzen, Wieteke A.; Nissenbaum, Matthew P.; Rankin, Lyndsay; Savage, Kirstie; Vanek, John P.; Jones, Holly P.

doi:10.1007/s10530-021-02540-5

Cited by 29 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Steud., the focal invader of this study, is a perennial rhizomatous grass species with a broad distribution in diverse aquatic habitats (Eller et al, 2017; Saltonstall, 2002). An invasive P. australis lineage, originating in Eurasia, has experienced rapid spread in North American wetlands (Lambertini et al, 2012; Saltonstall, 2002) with deleterious ecological impacts (Meyerson et al, 1999; Pendleton et al, 2020; Wails et al, 2021). Relative to the native subspecies ( americanus ; sensu Saltonstall et al, 2004), the invasive lineage of P. australis (subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tipping the balance: The role of seed density, abiotic filters, and priority effects in seed‐based wetland restoration

Tarsa

Holdaway

Kettenring

2022

Ecological Applications

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Sowing native seeds is a common approach to reintroduce native plants to degraded systems. However, this method is often overlooked in wetland restoration despite the immense global loss of diverse native wetland vegetation.Developing guiding principles for seed-based wetland restoration is critical to maximize native plant recovery, particularly in previously invaded wetlands. Doing so requires a comprehensive understanding of how restoration manipulations, and their interactions, influence wetland plant community assembly. With a focus on the invader Phragmites australis, we established a series of mesocosm experiments to assess how native sowing density, invader propagule pressure, abiotic filters (water and nutrients), and native sowing timing (i.e., priority effects) interact to influence plant community cover and biomass in wetland habitats. Increasing the density of native seeds yielded higher native cover and biomass, but P. australis suppression with increasing sowing densities was minimal. Rather, community outcomes were largely driven by invader propagule pressure: P. australis densities of ≤500 seeds/m 2 maintained high native cover and biomass. Low-water conditions increased the susceptibility of P. australis to dominance by native competitors. Early sowing of native seeds showed a large and significant benefit to native cover and biomass, regardless of native sowing density, suggesting that priority effects can be an effective restoration manipulation to enhance native plant establishment. Given the urgent wetland restoration need combined with the limited studies on seed-based wetland restoration, these findings provide guidance on restoration manipulations that are grounded in ecological theory to improve seed-based wetland restoration outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tipping the balance: The role of seed density, abiotic filters, and priority effects in seed‐based wetland restoration

Tarsa

Holdaway

Kettenring

2022

Ecological Applications

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“…Invasive plant-derived dissolved organic matter can shift the metabolic capabilities of soil microorganisms, such as depressing soil microbial activity in decomposing more recalcitrant carbon and, ultimately, leading to a potential increase in soil carbon sequestration rates (McLeod et al, 2021). Invasive grasses can significantly elevate soil carbon and nitrogen fixation (Wails et al, 2021) but could also increase SOM decomposition through the rhizosphere priming effect in some invaded areas (Bernal et al, 2017). Overall, invasive plants, especially through litter quality and microbial nutrient strategies in soils, control important abiotic and biotic mechanisms governing SOM decomposition (Wolkovich et al, 2010), which in turn regulate C sequestration in ecosystems experiencing invasions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat‐specific responses of soil organic matter decomposition to Spartina alterniflora invasion along China's coast

Zhang

Bai

Tebbe

et al. 2022

Ecological Applications

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Plant invasions cause a fundamental change in soil organic matter (SOM) turnover. Disentangling the biogeographic patterns and key drivers of SOM decomposition and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) under plant invasion is a prerequisite for making projections of global carbon feedback. We collected soil samples along China's coast across saltmarshes to mangrove ecosystems invaded by the smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora Loisel.). Microcosm experiments were carried out to determine the patterns of SOM decomposition and its thermal response. Soil microbial biomass and communities were also characterized accordingly. SOM decomposition constant dramatically decreased along the mean annual temperature gradient, whereas the cordgrass invasion retarded this change (significantly reduced slope, p < 0.05). The response of Q10 to invasion and the soil microbial quotient peaked at midlatitude saltmarshes, which can be explained by microbial metabolism strategies. Climatic variables showed strong negative controls on the Q10, whereas dissolved carbon fraction exerted a positive influence on its spatial variance. Higher microbial diversity appeared to weaken the temperature‐related response of SOM decomposition, with apparent benefits for carbon sequestration. Inconsistent responses to invasion were exhibited among habitat types, with SOM accumulation in saltmarshes but carbon loss in mangroves, which were explained, at least in part, by the SOM decomposition patterns under invasion. This study elucidates the geographic pattern of SOM decomposition and its temperature sensitivity in coastal ecosystems and underlines the importance of interactions between climate, soil, and microbiota for stabilizing SOM under plant invasion.

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“…2). To be as comprehensive as possible, we included data recorded at the core-level (n = 72 studies [25][26][27][28] ), site-level (n = 22 7, ), and from reviews (n = 5 [119][120][121][122][123] ). This data identification is included in the Data_type column, while the unique ID for each core or plot sampled is reported in the Site_name column (Table 1).…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

Maxwell,

Rovai,

Adame

et al. 2023

Sci Data

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Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM). The MarSOC dataset includes 17,454 data points from 2,329 unique locations, and 29 countries. We generated a general transfer function for the conversion of SOM to SOC. Using this data we estimated a median (± median absolute deviation) value of 79.2 ± 38.1 Mg SOC ha−1 in the top 30 cm and 231 ± 134 Mg SOC ha−1 in the top 1 m of tidal marsh soils globally. This data can serve as a basis for future work, and may contribute to incorporation of tidal marsh ecosystems into climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and policies.

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Assessing changes to ecosystem structure and function following invasion by Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis: a meta-analysis

Cited by 29 publications

References 76 publications

Tipping the balance: The role of seed density, abiotic filters, and priority effects in seed‐based wetland restoration

Tipping the balance: The role of seed density, abiotic filters, and priority effects in seed‐based wetland restoration

Habitat‐specific responses of soil organic matter decomposition to Spartina alterniflora invasion along China's coast

Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

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