“…As a response, in the last two decades, the issues of DQ have received a lot of attention, both by organisations worldwide and in academic literature. Several studies are exploring DQ challenges, focusing on DQ measurement and improvement (Batini and Scannapieco, 2006;Cappiello et al, 2006;Chen and Tseng, 2010;Chengalur-smith et al, 1999;Dejaeger et al, 2010;Delone and McLean, 1992;Eppler and Wittig, 2000;Fisher and Ballou, 2003;Jarke and Vassiliou, 1997;Kahun et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2002Lee et al, , 2006Madnick and Zhu, 2006;Maydanchik, 2007;Moraga et al, 2009;Paul et al, 1996;Panse and Ritter, 2009;Parssian and Jacob, 2004;Pipino et al, 2002;Raghunathan, 1999;Rahm and Do, 2000;Redman, 1998;Shankaranarayanan and Cai, 2006;Shankaranarayanan et al, 2003;Strong et al, 1997;Tayi and Ballou, 1998;Wand and Wang, 1996;Wang, 1998;Wang et al, 1995;Wang and Strong, 1996;Ware and Gandek, 1998;Watts et al, 2009). In practice, decision makers differentiate information from data intuitively, and describe information as data that has been processed.…”