Assessing Health Impact of Air Pollutants in Five Iraqi Cities Using AirQ+ Model

Abbas, Touqeer; Abbas, Roman

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1094/1/012006

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…On the other hand, Ali et.al, 2020 [16] proposed a method using a linear regression algorithm to evaluate the daily and monthly behaviour of CO emissions in Baghdad city. With the studies that investigated the relationship between weather data and air pollution, Mahdi et al, 2020 [17] presented a method based on weather and CO data analysed by using presented a method based on linear regression analysis in Duhok city. They found a high correlation between temperature and CO concentrations.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of carbon monoxide emissions using regression analysis and GIS techniques

Dhumad

Jasim

Hamed

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In the last few years, Baghdad city has witnessed substantial changes in the land use/land cover, a significant increase in the number of inhabitants, number of vehicles, and industrial activities. As a result, air pollutants from traffic, industries, cooking, and waste incineration are relatively increased. Moreover, Baghdad city is considered an attractive location for a large number of humans, where the potential for human exposure to relatively high air pollutants makes Baghdad city a good target of investigation in recent studies related to air pollution in urban areas. Carbon Monoxide (CO) is one of the air pollutants, which is considered colourless and odourless mainly emitted from the uncompleted process of fuel combustion. CO has negative impacts on human health. The evaluation of Carbon monoxide in urban areas usually requires the implementation of appropriate methods, which can enable an understanding of the relationship between CO sources and receptors to adopt proper strategies for pollution mitigation within urban areas. In this study, we proposed a model based on the integration between GIS data and regression analysis to predict hourly CO concentrations in an urban area, Baghdad, Iraq. Regression modelling was carried out depending on independent variables (Temperature, Humidity, Wind speed, Wind direction, Solar Radiation, Built-up area, Agricultural lands, Water, Barren land, Road length) and dependent variables included samples of hourly CO concentrations during 2019. The modelling results indicated that the correlation coefficient was achieved at 0.8845, while the Root mean squared error was 0.1208 ppm. On the other hand, the R-squared was 0.74 according to the testing data and 0.78 according to the training data. The presented regression model might be adopted as an evaluation tool for the air pollutants studies in Iraq. The presented model might be used as an efficient tool for the air pollutants evaluation in Iraq. This can support private agencies and the government in Iraq. The proposed regression model can be upgraded to be more generalized for other locations in Iraq by collecting more environmental and geographic information like air pollutants related to CO such as CO2, traffic data, roads condition, building height, and elevation that can improve the proposed model.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of carbon monoxide emissions using regression analysis and GIS techniques

Dhumad

Jasim

Hamed

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…In Poland, for example, it has been used to assess the effects of PM2.5 and PM10 dust in Wrocław [42] and 12 other agglomerations between 2008 and 2018 [43]. The software is also widely used for estimations in other countries, for example, Pakistan [44], Bosnia and Herzegovina [45], Iraq [46], Iran [47], and Spain [48].…”

Section: Scenario 1 Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the National Clean Air Programme in Terms of Health Impacts from Exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 Concentrations in Poland

Jagiełło

Strużewska

Jeleniewicz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The health impact of air quality has recently become an emerging issue. Many regions, especially densely populated regions, have deteriorating air quality. The primary source of pollution in Poland is the municipal sector. Air pollutants have a negative impact on human health, contribute to premature deaths, and are the cause of various diseases. Over recent years, Europe’s air quality has largely improved due to several measures to reduce pollutant emissions. The following paper presents the impact of annual average PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations on premature deaths in Poland in 2019. Exposure to PM2.5 caused more than 19 000 premature deaths, and exposure to NO2 contributed to around 6000 premature deaths in 2019. Taking 2019 as a baseline, the impact of the envisaged implementation of the national Clean Air Programme on the number of premature deaths is analysed. Implementing the mitigation measures focused on replacing inefficient stoves and boilers in individual households would significantly improve air quality, mainly particulate matter. Reducing PM2.5 concentrations would reduce premature deaths by around 3000 cases, while for NO2, the number of premature deaths would not change much.

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“…Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and gasses (such as ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen) are the principal contributors to air pollution. Since it shows how contaminated air affects public safety, particle matter measurement can be considered a valuable metric for measuring air quality (AQ) [8]. When exposed to PM2.5 levels of ten µg/m 3 , the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, cancer of the lungs, and death can each increase by four to eight % [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dust storms on air quality and public health in the city of Hillah

Deindee,

Al-Fatlawi

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Dust storms, which have become frequent events, pose great risks to health and the environment. There are three factors responsible for generating them: strong winds, lack of rain, and lack of vegetation cover. AirQ+ software developed by the World Health Organization, was used to assess the health risks resulting from short-term exposure to PM2.5 measured using Continuous Particulate Monitor BAM-1020 for a period of two years from Jan 2021 to Jan 2023. The frequency and intensity of dust storms were recorded during the summer and spring of 2022, with high concentrations. The concentrations of the pollutant PM2.5 range during storm days (213.89 - 674.48 μg/m3), where short-term exposure causes an increase in the risk of respiratory illnesses and cardiovascular diseases. The most severe dust storms (674.48 μg/m3) caused a rise in the risk relative to 3.395 for respiratory diseases and 1.801 for cardiovascular disease. The great danger of dust storms is evident by comparing them with corresponding days for the year 2021, where the relative risk did not exceed 1.03for respiratory diseases and 1.01) for cardiovascular diseases. In general, air quality was classified using the concentrations obtained, where the concentrations of PM2.5 increased strongly, especially during the dry months, and the sand and dust storms that happened in 2022 caused the air quality to become dangerous by 2%, very unhealthy by 6%, and unhealthy by 8%. As for the other pollutants (SO2, NO2, and CO), they did not rise much beyond the allowable limit, and it has no direct relationship with dust storms, i.e. they did not increase with their increase. Several health and safety precautions and environmental control techniques can be used to lessen the effects of sand and dust storms. Although it is unreasonable to take action to stop or prevent widespread sand and dust storms from occurring, management measures can be taken to lessen their effects.

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Assessing Health Impact of Air Pollutants in Five Iraqi Cities Using AirQ+ Model

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

The evaluation of carbon monoxide emissions using regression analysis and GIS techniques

The evaluation of carbon monoxide emissions using regression analysis and GIS techniques

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the National Clean Air Programme in Terms of Health Impacts from Exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 Concentrations in Poland

The effect of dust storms on air quality and public health in the city of Hillah

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